Add missing semicolon in journal-entry-account-selector.js constructor

.gitignore

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ venv
 
 .DS_Store
 .idea
+.claude
+.codex
 
 instance
 flask_session

docs/source/examples.rst

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The following is an example configuration for *Mia! Accounting*.
 
     from flask import Response, redirect
     from .auth import current_user()
-    from .modules import User
+    from .modules import Base, User
 
     def create_app(test_config=None) -> Flask:
         app: Flask = Flask(__name__)
@@ -37,7 +37,11 @@ The following is an example configuration for *Mia! Accounting*.
                 return redirect("/login")
 
             @property
-            def cls(self) -> t.Type[User]:
+            def base(self) -> type[DeclarativeBase]:
+                return Base
+
+            @property
+            def cls(self) -> type[User]:
                 return User
 
             @property
@@ -49,7 +53,8 @@ The following is an example configuration for *Mia! Accounting*.
                 return current_user()
 
             def get_by_username(self, username: str) -> User | None:
-                return User.query.filter(User.username == username).first()
+                return db.session.scalar(
+                    sa.select(User).where(User.username == username))
 
             def get_pk(self, user: User) -> int:
                 return user.id

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2022/8/21
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2022-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2022-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ classifiers = [
 dependencies = [
     "Flask",
     "SQLAlchemy >= 2",
-    "Flask-SQLAlchemy",
+    "Flask-SQLAlchemy-Lite",
     "Flask-WTF",
     "Flask-Babel >= 3",
     "Flask-Babel-JS",
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 devel = [
-    "httpx >= 0.20.0",
+    "httpx >= 0.28.0",
     "OpenCC",
 ]
 

src/accounting/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from flask import Flask, Blueprint
-from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
+from flask_sqlalchemy_lite import SQLAlchemy
 
-from accounting.utils.user import UserUtilityInterface
+from .utils.user import UserUtilityInterface
 
 VERSION: str = "1.6.1"
 """The package version."""

src/accounting/account/commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/30
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ from typing import Any
 import click
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount, Account, AccountL10n
+from ..models import BaseAccount, Account, AccountL10n
-from accounting.utils.user import get_user_pk
+from ..utils.user import get_user_pk
 
 type AccountData = tuple[int, str, int, str, str, str, bool]
 """The format of the account data, as a list of (ID, base account code, number,
@@ -36,13 +36,14 @@ def init_accounts_command(username: str) -> None:
     """Initializes the accounts."""
     creator_pk: int = get_user_pk(username)
 
-    bases: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query\
+    bases: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
-        .filter(db.func.length(BaseAccount.code) == 4)\
+        sa.select(BaseAccount).where(sa.func.length(BaseAccount.code) == 4)
-        .order_by(BaseAccount.code).all()
+        .order_by(BaseAccount.code)).unique().all()
     if len(bases) == 0:
         raise click.Abort
 
-    existing: list[Account] = Account.query.all()
+    existing: list[Account] = \
+        db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique().all()
 
     existing_base_code: set[str] = {x.base_code for x in existing}
     bases_to_add: list[BaseAccount] = [x for x in bases

src/accounting/account/converters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/31
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 from flask import abort
 from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
 
-from accounting.models import Account
+from ..models import Account
 
 
 class AccountConverter(BaseConverter):

src/accounting/account/forms.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/1
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 from wtforms import StringField, BooleanField
 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, ValidationError
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount, Account
+from ..models import BaseAccount, Account
-from accounting.utils.random_id import new_id
+from ..utils.random_id import new_id
-from accounting.utils.strip_text import strip_text
+from ..utils.strip_text import strip_text
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
+from ..utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 
 class BaseAccountExists:
@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ class AccountForm(FlaskForm):
             if obj.base_code is not None:
                 sort_accounts_in(obj.base_code, obj.id)
             sort_accounts_in(self.base_code.data, obj.id)
-            count: int = Account.query\
+            count: int = db.session.scalar(
-                .filter(Account.base_code == self.base_code.data).count()
+                sa.select(sa.func.count(Account.id))
+                .where(Account.base_code == self.base_code.data))
             obj.base_code = self.base_code.data
             obj.no = count + 1
         obj.title = self.title.data
@@ -137,9 +138,10 @@ class AccountForm(FlaskForm):
 
         :return: The selectable base accounts.
         """
-        return BaseAccount.query\
+        return db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(sa.func.char_length(BaseAccount.code) == 4)\
+            sa.select(BaseAccount)
-            .order_by(BaseAccount.code).all()
+            .where(sa.func.char_length(BaseAccount.code) == 4)
+            .order_by(BaseAccount.code)).unique()
 
 
 def sort_accounts_in(base_code: str, exclude: int) -> None:
@@ -150,10 +152,10 @@ def sort_accounts_in(base_code: str, exclude: int) -> None:
     :param exclude: The account ID to exclude.
     :return: None.
     """
-    accounts: list[Account] = Account.query\
+    accounts: list[Account] = db.session.scalars(
-        .filter(Account.base_code == base_code,
+        sa.select(Account)
-                Account.id != exclude)\
+        .where(Account.base_code == base_code, Account.id != exclude)
-        .order_by(Account.no).all()
+        .order_by(Account.no)).unique().all()
     for i in range(len(accounts)):
         if accounts[i].no != i + 1:
             accounts[i].no = i + 1

src/accounting/account/queries.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/30
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import request
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from .. import db
-from accounting.models import Account, AccountL10n
+from ..locale import gettext
-from accounting.utils.query import parse_query_keywords
+from ..models import Account, AccountL10n
+from ..utils.query import parse_query_keywords
 
 
 def get_account_query() -> list[Account]:
@@ -32,17 +33,20 @@ def get_account_query() -> list[Account]:
     """
     keywords: list[str] = parse_query_keywords(request.args.get("q"))
     if len(keywords) == 0:
-        return Account.query.order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no).all()
+        return db.session.scalars(
-    code: sa.BinaryExpression = Account.base_code + "-" \
+            sa.select(Account)
+            .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)).unique().all()
+    code: sa.ColumnElement[str] = Account.base_code + "-" \
         + sa.func.substr("000" + sa.cast(Account.no, sa.String),
                          sa.func.char_length(sa.cast(Account.no,
                                                      sa.String)) + 1)
-    conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = []
+    conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = []
     for k in keywords:
-        l10n: list[AccountL10n] = AccountL10n.query\
+        l10n: list[AccountL10n] = db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(AccountL10n.title.icontains(k)).all()
+            sa.select(AccountL10n)
-        l10n_matches: set[str] = {x.account_id for x in l10n}
+            .where(AccountL10n.title.icontains(k))).all()
-        sub_conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        l10n_matches: set[int] = {x.account_id for x in l10n}
+        sub_conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [Account.base_code.contains(k),
                Account.title_l10n.icontains(k),
                code.contains(k),
@@ -51,5 +55,6 @@ def get_account_query() -> list[Account]:
             sub_conditions.append(Account.is_need_offset)
         conditions.append(sa.or_(*sub_conditions))
 
-    return Account.query.filter(*conditions)\
+    return db.session.scalars(
-        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no).all()
+        sa.select(Account).where(*conditions)
+        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)).unique().all()

src/accounting/account/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/30
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,20 +21,20 @@ from urllib.parse import parse_qsl, urlencode
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Blueprint, render_template, session, redirect, flash, \
-    url_for, request
+    url_for, request, Response
 from werkzeug.datastructures import ImmutableMultiDict
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Account, BaseAccount
-from accounting.utils.cast import s
-from accounting.utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
-from accounting.utils.next_uri import inherit_next, or_next
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.permission import can_view, has_permission, can_edit
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 from .forms import AccountForm, sort_accounts_in, AccountReorderForm
 from .queries import get_account_query
+from .. import db
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..models import Account, BaseAccount
+from ..utils.cast import s
+from ..utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
+from ..utils.next_uri import inherit_next, or_next
+from ..utils.pagination import Pagination
+from ..utils.permission import can_view, has_permission, can_edit
+from ..utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("account", __name__)
 """The view blueprint for the account management."""
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ def list_accounts() -> str:
 
     :return: The account list.
     """
-    accounts: list[BaseAccount] = get_account_query()
+    accounts: list[Account] = get_account_query()
-    pagination: Pagination = Pagination[BaseAccount](accounts)
+    pagination: Pagination = Pagination[Account](accounts)
     return render_template("accounting/account/list.html",
                            list=pagination.list, pagination=pagination)
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def show_add_account_form() -> str:
 
 @bp.post("store", endpoint="store")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def add_account() -> redirect:
+def add_account() -> Response:
     """Adds an account.
 
     :return: The redirection to the account detail on success, or the account
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def show_account_edit_form(account: Account) -> str:
 
 @bp.post("<account:account>/update", endpoint="update")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def update_account(account: Account) -> redirect:
+def update_account(account: Account) -> Response:
     """Updates an account.
 
     :param account: The account.
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ def update_account(account: Account) -> redirect:
 
 @bp.post("<account:account>/delete", endpoint="delete")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def delete_account(account: Account) -> redirect:
+def delete_account(account: Account) -> Response:
     """Deletes an account.
 
     :param account: The account.
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ def show_account_order(base: BaseAccount) -> str:
 
 @bp.post("bases/<baseAccount:base>", endpoint="sort")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def sort_accounts(base: BaseAccount) -> redirect:
+def sort_accounts(base: BaseAccount) -> Response:
     """Reorders the accounts under a base account.
 
     :param base: The base account.

src/accounting/base_account/commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,21 +21,20 @@ import csv
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import data_dir
+from .. import db, data_dir
-from accounting import db
+from ..models import BaseAccount, BaseAccountL10n
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount, BaseAccountL10n
+from ..utils.title_case import title_case
-from accounting.utils.title_case import title_case
 
 
 def init_base_accounts_command() -> None:
     """Initializes the base accounts."""
-    if BaseAccount.query.first() is not None:
+    if db.session.scalar(sa.select(BaseAccount)) is not None:
         return
 
     with open(data_dir / "base_accounts.csv") as fp:
         data: list[dict[str, str]] = [x for x in csv.DictReader(fp)]
-    account_data: list[dict[str, str]] = [{"code": x["code"],
+    account_data: list[dict[str, str]] = \
-                                           "title_l10n": title_case(x["title"])}
+        [{"code": x["code"], "title_l10n": title_case(x["title"])}
          for x in data]
     locales: list[str] = [x[5:] for x in data[0] if x.startswith("l10n-")]
     l10n_data: list[dict[str, str]] = [{"account_code": x["code"],

src/accounting/base_account/converters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/1
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 from flask import abort
 from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount
+from ..models import BaseAccount
 
 
 class BaseAccountConverter(BaseConverter):

src/accounting/base_account/queries.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/26
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import request
 
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount, BaseAccountL10n
+from .. import db
-from accounting.utils.query import parse_query_keywords
+from ..models import BaseAccount, BaseAccountL10n
+from ..utils.query import parse_query_keywords
 
 
 def get_base_account_query() -> list[BaseAccount]:
@@ -31,14 +32,17 @@ def get_base_account_query() -> list[BaseAccount]:
     """
     keywords: list[str] = parse_query_keywords(request.args.get("q"))
     if len(keywords) == 0:
-        return BaseAccount.query.order_by(BaseAccount.code).all()
+        return db.session.scalars(
-    conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = []
+            sa.select(BaseAccount).order_by(BaseAccount.code)).unique().all()
+    conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = []
     for k in keywords:
-        l10n: list[BaseAccountL10n] = BaseAccountL10n.query\
+        l10n: list[BaseAccountL10n] = db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(BaseAccountL10n.title.icontains(k)).all()
+            sa.select(BaseAccountL10n)
+            .where((BaseAccountL10n.title.icontains(k)))).all()
         l10n_matches: set[str] = {x.account_code for x in l10n}
         conditions.append(sa.or_(BaseAccount.code.contains(k),
                                  BaseAccount.title_l10n.icontains(k),
                                  BaseAccount.code.in_(l10n_matches)))
-    return BaseAccount.query.filter(*conditions)\
+    return db.session.scalars(
-        .order_by(BaseAccount.code).all()
+        sa.select(BaseAccount).where(*conditions)
+        .order_by(BaseAccount.code)).unique().all()

src/accounting/base_account/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/26
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@
 """
 from flask import Blueprint, render_template
 
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.permission import has_permission, can_view
 from .queries import get_base_account_query
+from ..models import BaseAccount
+from ..utils.pagination import Pagination
+from ..utils.permission import has_permission, can_view
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("base-account", __name__)
 """The view blueprint for the base account management."""
@@ -50,4 +50,3 @@ def show_account_detail(account: BaseAccount) -> str:
     :return: The detail.
     """
     return render_template("accounting/base-account/detail.html", obj=account)
-

src/accounting/commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
 import os
 
 import click
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask.cli import with_appcontext
 
-from accounting import db
+from . import db
-from accounting.account import init_accounts_command
+from .account import init_accounts_command
-from accounting.base_account import init_base_accounts_command
+from .base_account import init_base_accounts_command
-from accounting.currency import init_currencies_command
+from .currency import init_currencies_command
-from accounting.models import BaseAccount, Account
+from .models import BaseAccount, Account
-from accounting.utils.title_case import title_case
+from .utils.title_case import title_case
-from accounting.utils.user import has_user, get_user_pk
+from .utils.user import base_cls, has_user, get_user_pk
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 
 
 def __validate_username(ctx: click.core.Context, param: click.core.Option,
@@ -54,13 +54,22 @@ def __validate_username(ctx: click.core.Context, param: click.core.Option,
 @click.option("-u", "--username", metavar="USERNAME", prompt=True,
               help="The username.", callback=__validate_username,
               default=lambda: os.getlogin())
+@click.option("--skip-accounts", is_flag=True, default=False,
+              help="Skip initializing accounts.")
+@click.option("--skip-currencies", is_flag=True, default=False,
+              help="Skip initializing currencies.")
 @with_appcontext
-def init_db_command(username: str) -> None:
+def init_db_command(username: str, skip_accounts: bool,
+                    skip_currencies: bool) -> None:
     """Initializes the accounting database."""
-    db.create_all()
+    base_cls.metadata.create_all(db.engine)
     init_base_accounts_command()
+    if not skip_accounts:
         init_accounts_command(username)
+    print("OK 1")
+    if not skip_currencies:
         init_currencies_command(username)
+    print("OK 2")
     db.session.commit()
     click.echo("Accounting database initialized.")
 
@@ -74,12 +83,12 @@ def titleize_command(username: str) -> None:
     """Capitalize the account titles."""
     updater_pk: int = get_user_pk(username)
     updated: int = 0
-    for base in BaseAccount.query:
+    for base in db.session.scalars(sa.select(BaseAccount)).unique():
         new_title: str = title_case(base.title_l10n)
         if base.title_l10n != new_title:
             base.title_l10n = new_title
             updated = updated + 1
-    for account in Account.query:
+    for account in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique():
         if account.title_l10n.lower() == account.base.title_l10n.lower():
             new_title: str = title_case(account.title_l10n)
             if account.title_l10n != new_title:

src/accounting/currency/commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/6
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,14 +22,15 @@ from typing import Any
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import db, data_dir
+from .. import db, data_dir
-from accounting.models import Currency, CurrencyL10n
+from ..models import Currency, CurrencyL10n
-from accounting.utils.user import get_user_pk
+from ..utils.user import get_user_pk
 
 
 def init_currencies_command(username: str) -> None:
     """Initializes the currencies."""
-    existing_codes: set[str] = {x.code for x in Currency.query.all()}
+    existing_codes: set[str] = \
+        {x.code for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Currency)).unique()}
 
     with open(data_dir / "currencies.csv") as fp:
         data: list[dict[str, str]] = [x for x in csv.DictReader(fp)]

src/accounting/currency/converters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/6
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 from flask import abort
 from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
-from accounting.models import Currency
+from ..models import Currency
 
 
 class CurrencyConverter(BaseConverter):

src/accounting/currency/forms.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/6
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 from wtforms import StringField, ValidationError
 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Regexp, NoneOf
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Currency
+from ..models import Currency
-from accounting.utils.strip_text import strip_text
+from ..utils.strip_text import strip_text
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
+from ..utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 
 class CodeUnique:

src/accounting/currency/queries.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/6
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import request
 
-from accounting.models import Currency, CurrencyL10n
+from .. import db
-from accounting.utils.query import parse_query_keywords
+from ..models import Currency, CurrencyL10n
+from ..utils.query import parse_query_keywords
 
 
 def get_currency_query() -> list[Currency]:
@@ -31,14 +32,17 @@ def get_currency_query() -> list[Currency]:
     """
     keywords: list[str] = parse_query_keywords(request.args.get("q"))
     if len(keywords) == 0:
-        return Currency.query.order_by(Currency.code).all()
+        return db.session.scalars(
-    conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = []
+            sa.select(Currency).order_by(Currency.code)).unique().all()
+    conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = []
     for k in keywords:
-        l10n: list[CurrencyL10n] = CurrencyL10n.query\
+        l10n: list[CurrencyL10n] = db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(CurrencyL10n.name.icontains(k)).all()
+            sa.select(CurrencyL10n)
+            .where(CurrencyL10n.name.icontains(k))).all()
         l10n_matches: set[str] = {x.account_code for x in l10n}
         conditions.append(sa.or_(Currency.code.icontains(k),
                                  Currency.name_l10n.icontains(k),
                                  Currency.code.in_(l10n_matches)))
-    return Currency.query.filter(*conditions)\
+    return db.session.scalars(
-        .order_by(Currency.code).all()
+        sa.select(Currency).where(*conditions)
+        .order_by(Currency.code)).unique().all()

src/accounting/currency/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/6
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,20 +21,20 @@ from urllib.parse import urlencode, parse_qsl
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Blueprint, render_template, redirect, session, request, \
-    flash, url_for
+    flash, url_for, Response
 from werkzeug.datastructures import ImmutableMultiDict
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Currency
-from accounting.utils.cast import s
-from accounting.utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
-from accounting.utils.next_uri import inherit_next, or_next
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.permission import has_permission, can_view, can_edit
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 from .forms import CurrencyForm
 from .queries import get_currency_query
+from .. import db
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..models import Currency
+from ..utils.cast import s
+from ..utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
+from ..utils.next_uri import inherit_next, or_next
+from ..utils.pagination import Pagination
+from ..utils.permission import has_permission, can_view, can_edit
+from ..utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("currency", __name__)
 """The view blueprint for the currency management."""
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def show_add_currency_form() -> str:
 
 @bp.post("store", endpoint="store")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def add_currency() -> redirect:
+def add_currency() -> Response:
     """Adds a currency.
 
     :return: The redirection to the currency detail on success, or the currency
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ def show_currency_edit_form(currency: Currency) -> str:
 
 @bp.post("<currency:currency>/update", endpoint="update")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def update_currency(currency: Currency) -> redirect:
+def update_currency(currency: Currency) -> Response:
     """Updates a currency.
 
     :param currency: The currency.
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ def update_currency(currency: Currency) -> redirect:
 
 @bp.post("<currency:currency>/delete", endpoint="delete")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def delete_currency(currency: Currency) -> redirect:
+def delete_currency(currency: Currency) -> Response:
     """Deletes a currency.
 
     :param currency: The currency.

src/accounting/forms.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/22
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,10 +24,9 @@ from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 from wtforms import StringField, ValidationError
 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired
 
-from accounting import db
+from . import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
+from .locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account
+from .models import Currency, Account
-
 
 ACCOUNT_REQUIRED: DataRequired = DataRequired(
     lazy_gettext("Please select the account."))

src/accounting/journal_entry/converters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/19
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ import datetime as dt
 from flask import abort
 from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
-from accounting.models import JournalEntry
+from ..models import JournalEntry
-from accounting.utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
+from ..utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
 
 
 class JournalEntryConverter(BaseConverter):

src/accounting/journal_entry/forms/currency.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ from wtforms import StringField, ValidationError, FieldList, IntegerField, \
     BooleanField, FormField
 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.forms import CurrencyExists
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.utils.offset_alias import offset_alias
-from accounting.utils.strip_text import strip_text
 from .line_item import LineItemForm, CreditLineItemForm, DebitLineItemForm
+from ... import db
+from ...forms import CurrencyExists
+from ...locale import lazy_gettext
+from ...models import JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...utils.offset_alias import offset_alias
+from ...utils.strip_text import strip_text
 
 CURRENCY_REQUIRED: DataRequired = DataRequired(
     lazy_gettext("Please select the currency."))
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class SameCurrencyAsOriginalLineItems:
             return
         original_line_item_currency_codes: set[str] = set(db.session.scalars(
             sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code)
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(original_line_item_id))).all())
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(original_line_item_id))).all())
         for currency_code in original_line_item_currency_codes:
             if field.data != currency_code:
                 raise ValidationError(lazy_gettext(
@@ -72,17 +72,17 @@ class KeepCurrencyWhenHavingOffset:
         if field.data is None:
             return
         offset: sa.Alias = offset_alias()
-        original_line_items: list[JournalEntryLineItem]\
+        original_line_items: list[JournalEntryLineItem] = db.session.scalars(
-            = JournalEntryLineItem.query\
+            sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem)
             .join(offset,
                   JournalEntryLineItem.id == offset.c.original_line_item_id,
-                  isouter=True)\
+                  isouter=True)
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id
                    .in_({x.id.data for x in form.line_items
-                          if x.id.data is not None}))\
+                         if x.id.data is not None}))
             .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.id,
-                      JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code)\
+                      JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code)
-            .having(sa.func.count(offset.c.id) > 0).all()
+            .having(sa.func.count(offset.c.id) > 0)).unique().all()
         for original_line_item in original_line_items:
             if original_line_item.currency_code != field.data:
                 raise ValidationError(lazy_gettext(
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class CurrencyForm(FlaskForm):
         line_item_id: set[int] = {x.id.data for x in line_item_forms
                                   if x.id.data is not None}
         select: sa.Select = sa.select(sa.func.count(JournalEntryLineItem.id))\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
                    .in_(line_item_id))
         return db.session.scalar(select) > 0
 

src/accounting/journal_entry/forms/journal_entry.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/18
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 """
 import datetime as dt
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Type
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask_babel import LazyString
@@ -28,21 +27,20 @@ from wtforms import DateField, FieldList, FormField, TextAreaField, \
     BooleanField
 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, ValidationError
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.journal_entry.utils.account_option import AccountOption
-from accounting.journal_entry.utils.description_editor import DescriptionEditor
-from accounting.journal_entry.utils.original_line_items import \
-    get_selectable_original_line_items
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import JournalEntry, Account, JournalEntryLineItem, \
-    JournalEntryCurrency
-from accounting.utils.random_id import new_id
-from accounting.utils.strip_text import strip_multiline_text
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 from .currency import CurrencyForm, CashReceiptCurrencyForm, \
     CashDisbursementCurrencyForm, TransferCurrencyForm
 from .line_item import LineItemForm, DebitLineItemForm, CreditLineItemForm
 from .reorder import sort_journal_entries_in
+from ..utils.account_option import AccountOption
+from ..utils.description_editor import DescriptionEditor
+from ..utils.original_line_items import get_selectable_original_line_items
+from ... import db
+from ...locale import lazy_gettext
+from ...models import JournalEntry, Account, JournalEntryLineItem, \
+    JournalEntryCurrency
+from ...utils.random_id import new_id
+from ...utils.strip_text import strip_multiline_text
+from ...utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 DATE_REQUIRED: DataRequired = DataRequired(
     lazy_gettext("Please fill in the date."))
@@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         self.is_modified: bool = False
         """Whether the journal entry is modified during populate_obj()."""
-        self.collector: Type[LineItemCollector] = LineItemCollector
+        self.collector: type[LineItemCollector] = LineItemCollector
         """The line item collector.  The default is the base abstract
         collector only to provide the correct type.  The subclass forms should
         provide their own collectors."""
@@ -154,15 +152,16 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
         self.__set_date(obj, self.date.data)
         obj.note = self.note.data
 
-        collector_cls: Type[LineItemCollector] = self.collector
+        collector_cls: type[LineItemCollector] = self.collector
         collector: collector_cls = collector_cls(self, obj)
         collector.collect()
 
         to_delete: set[int] = {x.id for x in obj.line_items
                                if x.id not in collector.to_keep}
         if len(to_delete) > 0:
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query\
+            db.session.execute(
-                .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(to_delete)).delete()
+                sa.delete(JournalEntryLineItem)
+                .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(to_delete)))
             self.is_modified = True
 
         if is_new or db.session.is_modified(obj):
@@ -197,7 +196,7 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
             if self.max_date is not None and new_date == self.max_date:
                 db_min_no: int | None = db.session.scalar(
                     sa.select(sa.func.min(JournalEntry.no))
-                    .filter(JournalEntry.date == new_date))
+                    .where(JournalEntry.date == new_date))
                 if db_min_no is None:
                     obj.date = new_date
                     obj.no = 1
@@ -207,8 +206,9 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
                     sort_journal_entries_in(new_date)
             else:
                 sort_journal_entries_in(new_date, obj.id)
-                count: int = JournalEntry.query\
+                count: int = db.session.scalar(
-                    .filter(JournalEntry.date == new_date).count()
+                    sa.select(sa.func.count(JournalEntry.id))
+                    .where(JournalEntry.date == new_date))
                 obj.date = new_date
                 obj.no = count + 1
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
                if not (x.code[0] == "2" and x.is_need_offset)]
         in_use: set[int] = set(db.session.scalars(
             sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit)
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit)
             .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)).all())
         for account in accounts:
             account.is_in_use = account.id in in_use
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
                if not (x.code[0] == "1" and x.is_need_offset)]
         in_use: set[int] = set(db.session.scalars(
             sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)
-            .filter(sa.not_(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit))
+            .where(sa.not_(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit))
             .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)).all())
         for account in accounts:
             account.is_in_use = account.id in in_use
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
             return None
         select: sa.Select = sa.select(sa.func.max(JournalEntry.date))\
             .join(JournalEntryLineItem)\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(original_line_item_id))
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(original_line_item_id))
         return db.session.scalar(select)
 
     @property
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ class JournalEntryForm(FlaskForm):
                                   if x.id.data is not None}
         select: sa.Select = sa.select(sa.func.min(JournalEntry.date))\
             .join(JournalEntryLineItem)\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
                    .in_(line_item_id))
         return db.session.scalar(select)
 

src/accounting/journal_entry/forms/line_item.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 from wtforms import StringField, ValidationError, DecimalField, IntegerField
 from wtforms.validators import Optional
 
-from accounting import db
+from ... import db
-from accounting.forms import ACCOUNT_REQUIRED, AccountExists, IsDebitAccount, \
+from ...forms import ACCOUNT_REQUIRED, AccountExists, IsDebitAccount, \
     IsCreditAccount
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
+from ...locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...models import Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.template_filters import format_amount
+from ...template_filters import format_amount
-from accounting.utils.random_id import new_id
+from ...utils.random_id import new_id
-from accounting.utils.strip_text import strip_text
+from ...utils.strip_text import strip_text
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
+from ...utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 
 class OriginalLineItemExists:
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class NotExceedingOriginalLineItemNetBalance:
             else_=-JournalEntryLineItem.amount))
         offset_total_but_form: Decimal | None = db.session.scalar(
             sa.select(offset_total_func)
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
                    == original_line_item.id,
                    JournalEntryLineItem.id.not_in(existing_line_item_id)))
         if offset_total_but_form is None:
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class NotLessThanOffsetTotal:
             (JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit != is_debit,
              JournalEntryLineItem.amount),
             else_=-JournalEntryLineItem.amount)))\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id == form.id.data)
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id == form.id.data)
         offset_total: Decimal | None = db.session.scalar(select_offset_total)
         if offset_total is not None and field.data < offset_total:
             raise ValidationError(lazy_gettext(
@@ -353,13 +353,14 @@ class LineItemForm(FlaskForm):
             def get_offsets() -> list[JournalEntryLineItem]:
                 if not self.is_need_offset or self.id.data is None:
                     return []
-                return JournalEntryLineItem.query.join(JournalEntry)\
+                return db.session.scalars(
-                    .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
+                    sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem).join(JournalEntry)
-                            == self.id.data)\
+                    .where(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id
+                           == self.id.data)
                     .order_by(JournalEntry.date, JournalEntry.no,
-                              JournalEntryLineItem.no)\
+                              JournalEntryLineItem.no)
                     .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry),
-                             selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.account)).all()
+                             selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.account))).all()
             setattr(self, "__offsets", get_offsets())
         return getattr(self, "__offsets")
 

src/accounting/journal_entry/forms/reorder.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ import datetime as dt
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import request
 
-from accounting import db
+from ... import db
-from accounting.models import JournalEntry
+from ...models import JournalEntry
 
 
 def sort_journal_entries_in(date: dt.date, exclude: int | None = None) -> None:
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ def sort_journal_entries_in(date: dt.date, exclude: int | None = None) -> None:
     :param exclude: The journal entry ID to exclude.
     :return: None.
     """
-    conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = [JournalEntry.date == date]
+    conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = [JournalEntry.date == date]
     if exclude is not None:
         conditions.append(JournalEntry.id != exclude)
-    journal_entries: list[JournalEntry] = JournalEntry.query\
+    journal_entries: list[JournalEntry] = db.session.scalars(
-        .filter(*conditions)\
+        sa.select(JournalEntry).where(*conditions)
-        .order_by(JournalEntry.no).all()
+        .order_by(JournalEntry.no)).all()
     for i in range(len(journal_entries)):
         if journal_entries[i].no != i + 1:
             journal_entries[i].no = i + 1
@@ -63,8 +63,9 @@ class JournalEntryReorderForm:
 
         :return:
         """
-        journal_entries: list[JournalEntry] = JournalEntry.query\
+        journal_entries: list[JournalEntry] = db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(JournalEntry.date == self.date).all()
+            sa.select(JournalEntry)
+            .where(JournalEntry.date == self.date)).all()
 
         # Collects the specified order.
         orders: dict[JournalEntry, int] = {}

src/accounting/journal_entry/utils/account_option.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 """The account option for the journal entry management.
 
 """
-from accounting.models import Account
+from ...models import Account
 
 
 class AccountOption:
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class AccountOption:
 
         :param account: The account.
         """
-        self.id: str = account.id
+        self.id: int = account.id
         """The account ID."""
         self.code: str = account.code
         """The account code."""

src/accounting/journal_entry/utils/description_editor.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/27
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ from typing import Literal
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import db
+from ... import db
-from accounting.models import Account, JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...models import Account, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.utils.options import options, Recurring
+from ...utils.options import options, Recurring
 
 
 class DescriptionAccount:
@@ -272,15 +272,17 @@ class DescriptionEditor:
         select: sa.Select = sa.Select(debit_credit, tag_type, tag,
                                       JournalEntryLineItem.account_id,
                                       sa.func.count().label("freq"))\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.description.is_not(None),
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.description.is_not(None),
                    JournalEntryLineItem.description.like("_%—_%"),
                    JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id.is_(None))\
             .group_by(debit_credit, tag_type, tag,
                       JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)
         result: list[sa.Row] = db.session.execute(select).all()
         accounts: dict[int, Account] \
-            = {x.id: x for x in Account.query
+            = {x.id: x for x in db.session.scalars(
-               .filter(Account.id.in_({x.account_id for x in result})).all()}
+               sa.select(Account)
+               .where(Account.id.in_({x.account_id for x in result})))
+               .unique()}
         debit_credit_dict: dict[Literal["debit", "credit"],
                                 DescriptionDebitCredit] \
             = {x.debit_credit: x for x in {self.debit, self.credit}}
@@ -315,18 +317,19 @@ class DescriptionEditor:
         if len(codes) == 0:
             return {}
 
-        def get_condition(code0: str) -> sa.BinaryExpression:
+        def get_condition(code0: str) -> sa.ColumnElement[bool]:
-            m: re.Match = re.match(r"^(\d{4})-(\d{3})$", code0)
+            m: re.Match[str] | None = re.match(r"^(\d{4})-(\d{3})$", code0)
             assert m is not None, \
                 f"Malformed account code \"{code0}\" for regular transactions."
             return sa.and_(Account.base_code == m.group(1),
                            Account.no == int(m.group(2)))
 
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [get_condition(x) for x in codes]
         accounts: dict[str, Account] \
             = {x.code: x for x in
-               Account.query.filter(sa.or_(*conditions)).all()}
+               db.session.scalars(
+                   sa.select(Account).where(sa.or_(*conditions))).unique()}
         for code in codes:
             assert code in accounts, \
                 f"Unknown account \"{code}\" for regular transactions."

src/accounting/journal_entry/utils/operators.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/19
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -18,18 +18,16 @@
 
 """
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Type
 
 from flask import render_template, request, abort
 from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 
-from accounting.journal_entry.forms import JournalEntryForm, \
+from ..forms import JournalEntryForm, CashReceiptJournalEntryForm, \
-    CashReceiptJournalEntryForm, CashDisbursementJournalEntryForm, \
+    CashDisbursementJournalEntryForm, TransferJournalEntryForm
-    TransferJournalEntryForm
+from ..forms.line_item import LineItemForm
-from accounting.journal_entry.forms.line_item import LineItemForm
+from ...models import JournalEntry
-from accounting.models import JournalEntry
+from ...template_globals import default_currency_code
-from accounting.template_globals import default_currency_code
+from ...utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
-from accounting.utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
 
 
 class JournalEntryOperator(ABC):
@@ -39,7 +37,7 @@ class JournalEntryOperator(ABC):
 
     @property
     @abstractmethod
-    def form(self) -> Type[JournalEntryForm]:
+    def form(self) -> type[JournalEntryForm]:
         """Returns the form class.
 
         :return: The form class.
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ class CashReceiptJournalEntry(JournalEntryOperator):
     """The order when checking the journal entry operator."""
 
     @property
-    def form(self) -> Type[JournalEntryForm]:
+    def form(self) -> type[JournalEntryForm]:
         """Returns the form class.
 
         :return: The form class.
@@ -170,7 +168,7 @@ class CashDisbursementJournalEntry(JournalEntryOperator):
     """The order when checking the journal entry operator."""
 
     @property
-    def form(self) -> Type[JournalEntryForm]:
+    def form(self) -> type[JournalEntryForm]:
         """Returns the form class.
 
         :return: The form class.
@@ -243,7 +241,7 @@ class TransferJournalEntry(JournalEntryOperator):
     """The order when checking the journal entry operator."""
 
     @property
-    def form(self) -> Type[JournalEntryForm]:
+    def form(self) -> type[JournalEntryForm]:
         """Returns the form class.
 
         :return: The form class.
@@ -334,3 +332,4 @@ def get_journal_entry_op(journal_entry: JournalEntry,
                                      key=lambda x: x.CHECK_ORDER):
         if journal_entry_type.is_my_type(journal_entry):
             return journal_entry_type
+    assert False

src/accounting/journal_entry/utils/original_line_items.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting import db
+from ... import db
-from accounting.models import Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...models import Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.utils.offset_alias import offset_alias
+from ...utils.offset_alias import offset_alias
 
 
 def get_selectable_original_line_items(
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ def get_selectable_original_line_items(
         (offset.c.id.in_(line_item_id_on_form), 0),
         (offset.c.is_debit == JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, offset.c.amount),
         else_=-offset.c.amount))).label("net_balance")
-    conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = [Account.is_need_offset]
+    conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = [Account.is_need_offset]
-    sub_conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = []
+    sub_conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = []
     if is_payable:
         sub_conditions.append(sa.and_(Account.base_code.startswith("2"),
                                       sa.not_(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit)))
@@ -61,20 +61,21 @@ def get_selectable_original_line_items(
         .join(offset,
               JournalEntryLineItem.id == offset.c.original_line_item_id,
               isouter=True)\
-        .filter(*conditions)\
+        .where(*conditions)\
         .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.id)\
         .having(sa.or_(sa.func.count(offset.c.id) == 0, net_balance != 0))
     net_balances: dict[int, Decimal] \
         = {x.id: x.net_balance
-           for x in db.session.execute(select_net_balances).all()}
+           for x in db.session.execute(select_net_balances)}
-    line_items: list[JournalEntryLineItem] = JournalEntryLineItem.query\
+    line_items: list[JournalEntryLineItem] = db.session.scalars(
-        .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_({x for x in net_balances}))\
+        sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem)
-        .join(JournalEntry)\
+        .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_({x for x in net_balances}))
+        .join(JournalEntry)
         .order_by(JournalEntry.date, JournalEntry.no,
-                  JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.no)\
+                  JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.no)
         .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.currency),
                  selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.account),
-                 selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)).all()
+                 selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry))).all()
     line_items.reverse()
     for line_item in line_items:
         line_item.net_balance = line_item.amount \

src/accounting/journal_entry/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/18
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,24 +22,24 @@ from urllib.parse import parse_qsl, urlencode
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Blueprint, render_template, session, redirect, request, \
-    flash, url_for
+    flash, url_for, Response
 from werkzeug.datastructures import ImmutableMultiDict
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import JournalEntry
-from accounting.utils.cast import s
-from accounting.utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
-from accounting.utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
-from accounting.utils.next_uri import inherit_next, or_next
-from accounting.utils.permission import has_permission, can_view, can_edit
-from accounting.utils.timezone import get_tz_today
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 from .forms import sort_journal_entries_in, JournalEntryReorderForm
 from .template_filters import with_type, to_transfer, format_amount_input, \
     text2html
 from .utils.operators import JournalEntryOperator, JOURNAL_ENTRY_TYPE_TO_OP, \
     get_journal_entry_op
+from .. import db
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..models import JournalEntry
+from ..utils.cast import s
+from ..utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
+from ..utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
+from ..utils.next_uri import inherit_next, or_next
+from ..utils.permission import has_permission, can_view, can_edit
+from ..utils.timezone import get_tz_today
+from ..utils.user import get_current_user_pk
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("journal-entry", __name__)
 """The view blueprint for the journal entry management."""
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def show_add_journal_entry_form(journal_entry_type: JournalEntryType) -> str:
 
 @bp.post("store/<journalEntryType:journal_entry_type>", endpoint="store")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def add_journal_entry(journal_entry_type: JournalEntryType) -> redirect:
+def add_journal_entry(journal_entry_type: JournalEntryType) -> Response:
     """Adds a journal entry.
 
     :param journal_entry_type: The journal entry type.
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def show_journal_entry_edit_form(journal_entry: JournalEntry) -> str:
 
 @bp.post("<journalEntry:journal_entry>/update", endpoint="update")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def update_journal_entry(journal_entry: JournalEntry) -> redirect:
+def update_journal_entry(journal_entry: JournalEntry) -> Response:
     """Updates a journal entry.
 
     :param journal_entry: The journal entry.
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def update_journal_entry(journal_entry: JournalEntry) -> redirect:
 
 @bp.post("<journalEntry:journal_entry>/delete", endpoint="delete")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def delete_journal_entry(journal_entry: JournalEntry) -> redirect:
+def delete_journal_entry(journal_entry: JournalEntry) -> Response:
     """Deletes a journal entry.
 
     :param journal_entry: The journal entry.
@@ -195,16 +195,16 @@ def show_journal_entry_order(date: dt.date) -> str:
     :param date: The date.
     :return: The order of the journal entries in the date.
     """
-    journal_entries: list[JournalEntry] = JournalEntry.query \
+    journal_entries: list[JournalEntry] = db.session.scalars(
-        .filter(JournalEntry.date == date) \
+        sa.select(JournalEntry).where(JournalEntry.date == date)
-        .order_by(JournalEntry.no).all()
+        .order_by(JournalEntry.no)).all()
     return render_template("accounting/journal-entry/order.html",
                            date=date, list=journal_entries)
 
 
 @bp.post("dates/<date:date>", endpoint="sort")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def sort_journal_entries(date: dt.date) -> redirect:
+def sort_journal_entries(date: dt.date) -> Response:
     """Reorders the journal entries in a date.
 
     :param date: The date.

src/accounting/models.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,20 +22,19 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import datetime as dt
 import re
 from decimal import Decimal
-from typing import Type, Self
+from typing import Self
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from babel import Locale
 from flask_babel import get_locale, get_babel
-from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
 
-from accounting import db
+from . import db
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from .locale import gettext
-from accounting.utils.user import user_cls, user_pk_column
+from .utils.user import base_cls, user_cls, user_pk_column
 
 
-class BaseAccount(db.Model):
+class BaseAccount(base_cls):
     """A base account."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_base_accounts"
     """The table name."""
@@ -44,9 +43,9 @@ class BaseAccount(db.Model):
     title_l10n: Mapped[str] = mapped_column("title")
     """The title."""
     l10n: Mapped[list[BaseAccountL10n]] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="account", lazy=False)
+        = relationship(back_populates="account", lazy=False)
     """The localized titles."""
-    accounts: Mapped[list[Account]] = db.relationship(back_populates="base")
+    accounts: Mapped[list[Account]] = relationship(back_populates="base")
     """The descendant accounts under the base account."""
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
@@ -79,16 +78,16 @@ class BaseAccount(db.Model):
         return [self.code, self.title_l10n] + [x.title for x in self.l10n]
 
 
-class BaseAccountL10n(db.Model):
+class BaseAccountL10n(base_cls):
     """A localized base account title."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_base_accounts_l10n"
     """The table name."""
     account_code: Mapped[str] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(BaseAccount.code, onupdate="CASCADE",
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(BaseAccount.code, onupdate="CASCADE",
                                       ondelete="CASCADE"),
                         primary_key=True)
     """The account code."""
-    account: Mapped[BaseAccount] = db.relationship(back_populates="l10n")
+    account: Mapped[BaseAccount] = relationship(back_populates="l10n")
     """The account."""
     locale: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
     """The locale."""
@@ -96,47 +95,47 @@ class BaseAccountL10n(db.Model):
     """The localized title."""
 
 
-class Account(db.Model):
+class Account(base_cls):
     """An account."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_accounts"
     """The table name."""
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=False)
     """The account ID."""
     base_code: Mapped[str] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(BaseAccount.code, onupdate="CASCADE",
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(BaseAccount.code, onupdate="CASCADE",
                                       ondelete="CASCADE"))
     """The code of the base account."""
-    base: Mapped[BaseAccount] = db.relationship(back_populates="accounts")
+    base: Mapped[BaseAccount] = relationship(back_populates="accounts")
     """The base account."""
-    no: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(default=text("1"))
+    no: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(default=sa.text("1"))
     """The account number under the base account."""
     title_l10n: Mapped[str] = mapped_column("title")
     """The title."""
     is_need_offset: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(default=False)
     """Whether the journal entry line items of this account need offset."""
     created_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was created."""
     created_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the user who created the record."""
-    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
+    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
     """The user who created the record."""
     updated_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was last updated."""
     updated_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the last user who updated the record."""
-    updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
+    updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
     """The last user who updated the record."""
     l10n: Mapped[list[AccountL10n]] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="account", lazy=False)
+        = relationship(back_populates="account", lazy=False)
     """The localized titles."""
     line_items: Mapped[list[JournalEntryLineItem]] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="account")
+        = relationship(back_populates="account")
     """The journal entry line items."""
 
     CASH_CODE: str = "1111-001"
@@ -268,9 +267,10 @@ class Account(db.Model):
 
         :return: None.
         """
-        AccountL10n.query.filter(AccountL10n.account == self).delete()
+        db.session.execute(sa.delete(AccountL10n)
-        cls: Type[Self] = self.__class__
+                           .where(AccountL10n.account == self))
-        cls.query.filter(cls.id == self.id).delete()
+        cls: type[Self] = self.__class__
+        db.session.execute(sa.delete(cls).where(cls.id == self.id))
 
     @classmethod
     def find_by_code(cls, code: str) -> Self | None:
@@ -279,11 +279,12 @@ class Account(db.Model):
         :param code: The code.
         :return: The account, or None if this account does not exist.
         """
-        m = re.match(r"^([1-9]{4})-(\d{3})$", code)
+        m: re.Match[str] | None = re.match(r"^([1-9]{4})-(\d{3})$", code)
         if m is None:
             return None
-        return cls.query.filter(cls.base_code == m.group(1),
+        return db.session.scalar(
-                                cls.no == int(m.group(2))).first()
+            sa.select(cls).where(cls.base_code == m.group(1),
+                                 cls.no == int(m.group(2))))
 
     @classmethod
     def selectable_debit(cls) -> list[Self]:
@@ -292,7 +293,9 @@ class Account(db.Model):
 
         :return: The selectable debit accounts.
         """
-        return cls.query.filter(sa.or_(cls.base_code.startswith("1"),
+        return db.session.scalars(
+            sa.select(cls)
+            .where(sa.or_(cls.base_code.startswith("1"),
                           sa.and_(cls.base_code.startswith("2"),
                                   sa.not_(cls.is_need_offset)),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("3"),
@@ -304,8 +307,8 @@ class Account(db.Model):
                           cls.base_code.startswith("78"),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("8"),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("9")),
-                                cls.base_code != "3353")\
+                   cls.base_code != "3353")
-            .order_by(cls.base_code, cls.no).all()
+            .order_by(cls.base_code, cls.no)).unique().all()
 
     @classmethod
     def selectable_credit(cls) -> list[Self]:
@@ -314,7 +317,9 @@ class Account(db.Model):
 
         :return: The selectable debit accounts.
         """
-        return cls.query.filter(sa.or_(sa.and_(cls.base_code.startswith("1"),
+        return db.session.scalars(
+            sa.select(cls)
+            .where(sa.or_(sa.and_(cls.base_code.startswith("1"),
                                   sa.not_(cls.is_need_offset)),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("2"),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("3"),
@@ -325,8 +330,8 @@ class Account(db.Model):
                           cls.base_code.startswith("74"),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("8"),
                           cls.base_code.startswith("9")),
-                                cls.base_code != "3353")\
+                   cls.base_code != "3353")
-            .order_by(cls.base_code, cls.no).all()
+            .order_by(cls.base_code, cls.no)).unique().all()
 
     @classmethod
     def cash(cls) -> Self:
@@ -334,7 +339,9 @@ class Account(db.Model):
 
         :return: The cash account
         """
-        return cls.find_by_code(cls.CASH_CODE)
+        account: Self | None = cls.find_by_code(cls.CASH_CODE)
+        assert account is not None
+        return account
 
     @classmethod
     def accumulated_change(cls) -> Self:
@@ -342,19 +349,21 @@ class Account(db.Model):
 
         :return: The accumulated-change account
         """
-        return cls.find_by_code(cls.ACCUMULATED_CHANGE_CODE)
+        account: Self | None = cls.find_by_code(cls.ACCUMULATED_CHANGE_CODE)
+        assert account is not None
+        return account
 
 
-class AccountL10n(db.Model):
+class AccountL10n(base_cls):
     """A localized account title."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_accounts_l10n"
     """The table name."""
     account_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(Account.id, onupdate="CASCADE",
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(Account.id, onupdate="CASCADE",
                                       ondelete="CASCADE"),
                         primary_key=True)
     """The account ID."""
-    account: Mapped[Account] = db.relationship(back_populates="l10n")
+    account: Mapped[Account] = relationship(back_populates="l10n")
     """The account."""
     locale: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
     """The locale."""
@@ -362,7 +371,7 @@ class AccountL10n(db.Model):
     """The localized title."""
 
 
-class Currency(db.Model):
+class Currency(base_cls):
     """A currency."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_currencies"
     """The table name."""
@@ -371,29 +380,29 @@ class Currency(db.Model):
     name_l10n: Mapped[str] = mapped_column("name")
     """The currency name."""
     created_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was created."""
     created_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the user who created the record."""
-    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
+    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
     """The user who created the record."""
     updated_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was last updated."""
     updated_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the last user who updated the record."""
     updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] \
-        = db.relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
+        = relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
     """The last user who updated the record."""
     l10n: Mapped[list[CurrencyL10n]] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="currency", lazy=False)
+        = relationship(back_populates="currency", lazy=False)
     """The localized names."""
     line_items: Mapped[list[JournalEntryLineItem]] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="currency")
+        = relationship(back_populates="currency")
     """The journal entry line items."""
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
@@ -458,7 +467,7 @@ class Currency(db.Model):
 
         :return: True if the currency can be deleted, or False otherwise.
         """
-        from accounting.template_globals import default_currency_code
+        from .template_globals import default_currency_code
         if self.code == default_currency_code():
             return False
         return len(self.line_items) == 0
@@ -468,21 +477,22 @@ class Currency(db.Model):
 
         :return: None.
         """
-        CurrencyL10n.query.filter(CurrencyL10n.currency == self).delete()
+        db.session.execute(
-        cls: Type[Self] = self.__class__
+            sa.delete(CurrencyL10n)
-        cls.query.filter(cls.code == self.code).delete()
+            .where(CurrencyL10n.currency_code == self.code))
+        db.session.delete(self)
 
 
-class CurrencyL10n(db.Model):
+class CurrencyL10n(base_cls):
     """A localized currency name."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_currencies_l10n"
     """The table name."""
     currency_code: Mapped[str] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(Currency.code, onupdate="CASCADE",
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(Currency.code, onupdate="CASCADE",
                                       ondelete="CASCADE"),
                         primary_key=True)
     """The currency code."""
-    currency: Mapped[Currency] = db.relationship(back_populates="l10n")
+    currency: Mapped[Currency] = relationship(back_populates="l10n")
     """The currency."""
     locale: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
     """The locale."""
@@ -533,7 +543,7 @@ class JournalEntryCurrency:
         return sum([x.amount for x in self.credit])
 
 
-class JournalEntry(db.Model):
+class JournalEntry(base_cls):
     """A journal entry."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_journal_entries"
     """The table name."""
@@ -541,30 +551,30 @@ class JournalEntry(db.Model):
     """The journal entry ID."""
     date: Mapped[dt.date]
     """The date."""
-    no: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(default=text("1"))
+    no: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(default=sa.text("1"))
     """The journal entry number under the date."""
     note: Mapped[str | None]
     """The note."""
     created_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was created."""
     created_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the user who created the record."""
-    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
+    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
     """The user who created the record."""
     updated_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was last updated."""
     updated_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the last user who updated the record."""
-    updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
+    updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
     """The last user who updated the record."""
     line_items: Mapped[list[JournalEntryLineItem]] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="journal_entry")
+        = relationship(back_populates="journal_entry")
     """The line items."""
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
@@ -645,48 +655,49 @@ class JournalEntry(db.Model):
 
         :return: None.
         """
-        JournalEntryLineItem.query\
+        db.session.execute(
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry_id == self.id).delete()
+            sa.delete(JournalEntryLineItem)
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry_id == self.id))
         db.session.delete(self)
 
 
-class JournalEntryLineItem(db.Model):
+class JournalEntryLineItem(base_cls):
     """A line item in the journal entry."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_journal_entry_line_items"
     """The table name."""
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=False)
     """The line item ID."""
     journal_entry_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(JournalEntry.id, onupdate="CASCADE",
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(JournalEntry.id, onupdate="CASCADE",
                                       ondelete="CASCADE"))
     """The journal entry ID."""
     journal_entry: Mapped[JournalEntry] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="line_items")
+        = relationship(back_populates="line_items")
     """The journal entry."""
     is_debit: Mapped[bool]
     """True for a debit line item, or False for a credit line item."""
     no: Mapped[int]
     """The line item number under the journal entry and debit or credit."""
     original_line_item_id: Mapped[int | None] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(id, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(id, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the original line item."""
     original_line_item: Mapped[JournalEntryLineItem | None] \
-        = db.relationship(remote_side=id, passive_deletes=True)
+        = relationship(remote_side=id, passive_deletes=True)
     """The original line item."""
     currency_code: Mapped[str] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(Currency.code, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(Currency.code, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The currency code."""
-    currency: Mapped[Currency] = db.relationship(back_populates="line_items")
+    currency: Mapped[Currency] = relationship(back_populates="line_items")
     """The currency."""
     account_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(Account.id, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(Account.id, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The account ID."""
     account: Mapped[Account] \
-        = db.relationship(back_populates="line_items", lazy=False)
+        = relationship(back_populates="line_items", lazy=False)
     """The account."""
     description: Mapped[str | None]
     """The description."""
-    amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(db.Numeric(14, 2))
+    amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(sa.Numeric(14, 2))
     """The amount."""
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
@@ -695,7 +706,7 @@ class JournalEntryLineItem(db.Model):
         :return: The string representation of the line item.
         """
         if not hasattr(self, "__str"):
-            from accounting.template_filters import format_date, format_amount
+            from .template_filters import format_date, format_amount
             setattr(self, "__str",
                     gettext("%(date)s %(description)s %(amount)s",
                             date=format_date(self.journal_entry.date),
@@ -811,11 +822,12 @@ class JournalEntryLineItem(db.Model):
         :return: The offset items.
         """
         if not hasattr(self, "__offsets"):
-            cls: Type[Self] = self.__class__
+            cls: type[Self] = self.__class__
-            offsets: list[Self] = cls.query.join(JournalEntry)\
+            offsets: list[Self] = db.session.scalars(
-                .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id == self.id)\
+                sa.select(cls).join(JournalEntry)
+                .where(cls.original_line_item_id == self.id)
                 .order_by(JournalEntry.date, JournalEntry.no,
-                          cls.is_debit, cls.no).all()
+                          cls.is_debit, cls.no)).unique().all()
             setattr(self, "__offsets", offsets)
         return getattr(self, "__offsets")
 
@@ -876,29 +888,29 @@ class JournalEntryLineItem(db.Model):
                 format_amount(self.amount)]
 
 
-class Option(db.Model):
+class Option(base_cls):
     """An option."""
     __tablename__ = "accounting_options"
     """The table name."""
     name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
     """The name."""
-    value: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(db.Text)
+    value: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(sa.Text)
     """The option value."""
     created_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was created."""
     created_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the user who created the record."""
-    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
+    created_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=created_by_id)
     """The user who created the record."""
     updated_at: Mapped[dt.datetime] \
-        = mapped_column(db.DateTime(timezone=True),
+        = mapped_column(sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
-                        server_default=db.func.now())
+                        server_default=sa.func.now())
     """The date and time when this record was last updated."""
     updated_by_id: Mapped[int] \
-        = mapped_column(db.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
+        = mapped_column(sa.ForeignKey(user_pk_column, onupdate="CASCADE"))
     """The ID of the last user who updated the record."""
-    updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] = db.relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
+    updated_by: Mapped[user_cls] = relationship(foreign_keys=updated_by_id)
     """The last user who updated the record."""

src/accounting/option/forms.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/22
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 from wtforms import StringField, FieldList, FormField, IntegerField
 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, ValidationError
 
-from accounting.forms import ACCOUNT_REQUIRED, CurrencyExists, AccountExists, \
+from ..forms import ACCOUNT_REQUIRED, CurrencyExists, AccountExists, \
     IsDebitAccount, IsCreditAccount
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Account
+from ..models import Account
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
+from ..utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.utils.options import Options
+from ..utils.options import Options
-from accounting.utils.strip_text import strip_text
+from ..utils.strip_text import strip_text
 
 
 class CurrentAccountExists:

src/accounting/option/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/22
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
 from urllib.parse import parse_qsl, urlencode
 
 from flask import Blueprint, render_template, redirect, session, request, \
-    flash, url_for
+    flash, url_for, Response
 from werkzeug.datastructures import ImmutableMultiDict
 
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.utils.cast import s
-from accounting.utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
-from accounting.utils.next_uri import inherit_next
-from accounting.utils.options import options
-from accounting.utils.permission import has_permission, can_admin
 from .forms import OptionForm
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..utils.cast import s
+from ..utils.flash_errors import flash_form_errors
+from ..utils.next_uri import inherit_next
+from ..utils.options import options
+from ..utils.permission import has_permission, can_admin
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("option", __name__)
 """The view blueprint for the currency management."""
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def show_option_form() -> str:
 
 @bp.post("update", endpoint="update")
 @has_permission(can_admin)
-def update_options() -> redirect:
+def update_options() -> Response:
     """Updates the options.
 
     :return: The redirection to the option form.

src/accounting/report/converters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/3
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ import re
 from flask import abort
 from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
 
-from accounting.models import Account
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
 from .period import Period, get_period
+from ..models import Account
+from ..utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
 
 
 class PeriodConverter(BaseConverter):

src/accounting/report/period/chooser.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/4
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,11 +23,14 @@ This file is largely taken from the NanoParma ERP project, first written in
 import datetime as dt
 from collections.abc import Callable
 
-from accounting.models import JournalEntry
+import sqlalchemy as sa
-from accounting.utils.timezone import get_tz_today
+
 from .period import Period
 from .shortcuts import ThisMonth, LastMonth, SinceLastMonth, ThisYear, \
     LastYear, Today, Yesterday, AllTime, TemplatePeriod, YearPeriod
+from ... import db
+from ...models import JournalEntry
+from ...utils.timezone import get_tz_today
 
 
 class PeriodChooser:
@@ -62,8 +65,8 @@ class PeriodChooser:
         self.url_template: str = get_url(TemplatePeriod())
         """The URL template."""
 
-        first: JournalEntry | None \
+        first: JournalEntry | None = db.session.scalar(
-            = JournalEntry.query.order_by(JournalEntry.date).first()
+            sa.select(JournalEntry).order_by(JournalEntry.date))
         start: dt.date | None = None if first is None else first.date
 
         # Attributes

src/accounting/report/period/description.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/4
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 """
 import datetime as dt
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ...locale import gettext
 
 
 def get_desc(start: dt.date | None, end: dt.date | None) -> str:

src/accounting/report/period/parser.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/4
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import calendar
 import datetime as dt
 import re
 from collections.abc import Callable
-from typing import Type
 
 from .period import Period
 from .shortcuts import ThisMonth, LastMonth, SinceLastMonth, ThisYear, \
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ def get_period(spec: str | None = None) -> Period:
     """
     if spec is None:
         return ThisMonth()
-    named_periods: dict[str, Type[Callable[[], Period]]] = {
+    named_periods: dict[str, type[Callable[[], Period]]] = {
         "this-month": lambda: ThisMonth(),
         "last-month": lambda: LastMonth(),
         "since-last-month": lambda: SinceLastMonth(),
@@ -68,6 +67,7 @@ def __parse_spec(text: str) -> tuple[dt.date | None, dt.date | None]:
     """
     if text == "-":
         return None, None
+    m: re.Match[str] | None
     m = re.match(f"^{DATE_SPEC_RE}$", text)
     if m is not None:
         return __get_start(m[1], m[2], m[3]), \

src/accounting/report/period/shortcuts.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/4
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@
 """
 import datetime as dt
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
-from accounting.utils.timezone import get_tz_today
 from .month_end import month_end
 from .period import Period
+from ...locale import gettext
+from ...utils.timezone import get_tz_today
 
 
 class ThisMonth(Period):

src/accounting/report/period/specification.py

@@ -27,12 +27,18 @@ def get_spec(start: dt.date | None, end: dt.date | None) -> str:
     :param end: The end of the period.
     :return: The period specification.
     """
-    if start is None and end is None:
-        return "-"
-    if end is None:
-        return __get_since_spec(start)
     if start is None:
-        return __get_until_spec(end)
+        return "-" if end is None else __get_until_spec(end)
+    return __get_since_spec(start) if end is None else __get_spec(start, end)
+
+
+def __get_spec(start: dt.date, end: dt.date) -> str:
+    """Returns the period specification with both start and end.
+
+    :param start: The start of the period.
+    :param end: The end of the period.
+    :return: The period specification.
+    """
     try:
         return __get_year_spec(start, end)
     except ValueError:

src/accounting/report/reports/balance_sheet.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,20 +22,18 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import render_template, Response
 
-from accounting import db
+from ..period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, BaseAccount, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, period_spec
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ..utils.urls import ledger_url, balance_sheet_url, income_statement_url
+from ... import db
+from ...locale import gettext
+from ...models import Currency, BaseAccount, Account, JournalEntry, \
     JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, \
-    period_spec
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import ledger_url, balance_sheet_url, \
-    income_statement_url
 
 
 class ReportAccount:
@@ -121,9 +119,9 @@ class AccountCollector:
 
         :return: The balances.
         """
-        sub_conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        sub_conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [Account.base_code.startswith(x) for x in {"1", "2", "3"}]
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                sa.or_(*sub_conditions)]
         if self.__period.end is not None:
@@ -135,16 +133,17 @@ class AccountCollector:
             = sa.select(Account.id, Account.base_code, Account.no,
                         balance_func)\
             .join(JournalEntry).join(Account)\
-            .filter(*conditions)\
+            .where(*conditions)\
             .group_by(Account.id, Account.base_code, Account.no)\
             .having(balance_func != 0)\
             .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)
         account_balances: list[sa.Row] \
             = db.session.execute(select_balance).all()
-        self.__all_accounts: list[Account] = Account.query\
+        self.__all_accounts: list[Account] = db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(sa.or_(Account.id.in_({x.id for x in account_balances}),
+            sa.select(Account)
+            .where(sa.or_(Account.id.in_({x.id for x in account_balances}),
                           Account.base_code == "3351",
-                           Account.base_code == "3353")).all()
+                          Account.base_code == "3353"))).unique().all()
         """The accounts."""
         account_by_id: dict[int, Account] \
             = {x.id: x for x in self.__all_accounts}
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ class AccountCollector:
         """
         if self.__period.start is None:
             return None
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                JournalEntry.date < self.__period.start]
         return self.__query_balance(conditions)
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ class AccountCollector:
 
         :return: The net income or loss for current period.
         """
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code]
         if self.__period.start is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date >= self.__period.start)
@@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ class AccountCollector:
         return self.__query_balance(conditions)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def __query_balance(conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression])\
+    def __query_balance(conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]])\
             -> Decimal:
         """Queries the balance.
 
@@ -221,7 +220,7 @@ class AccountCollector:
             (JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.amount),
             else_=-JournalEntryLineItem.amount))
         select_balance: sa.Select = sa.select(balance_func)\
-            .join(JournalEntry).join(Account).filter(*conditions)
+            .join(JournalEntry).join(Account).where(*conditions)
         return db.session.scalar(select_balance)
 
     def __add_owner_s_equity(self, code: str, amount: Decimal | None,
@@ -385,11 +384,13 @@ class BalanceSheet(BaseReport):
         balances: list[ReportAccount] = AccountCollector(
             self.__currency, self.__period).accounts
 
-        titles: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query\
+        titles: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(BaseAccount.code.in_({"1", "2", "3"})).all()
+            sa.select(BaseAccount)
-        subtitles: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query\
+            .where(BaseAccount.code.in_({"1", "2", "3"}))).unique().all()
-            .filter(BaseAccount.code.in_({x.account.base_code[:2]
+        subtitle_codes: set[str] = {x.account.base_code[:2] for x in balances}
-                                          for x in balances})).all()
+        subtitles: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
+            sa.select(BaseAccount)
+            .where(BaseAccount.code.in_(subtitle_codes))).unique().all()
 
         sections: dict[str, Section] = {x.code: Section(x) for x in titles}
         subsections: dict[str, Subsection] = {x.code: Subsection(x)

src/accounting/report/reports/income_expenses.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,21 +24,19 @@ import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import url_for, render_template, Response
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting import db
+from ..period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, period_spec
-from accounting.report.period import Period, PeriodChooser
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, \
+from ..utils.urls import income_expenses_url
-    period_spec
+from ... import db
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ...utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import income_expenses_url
+from ...utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
 
 
 class ReportLineItem:
@@ -119,12 +117,12 @@ class LineItemCollector:
         balance_func: sa.Function = sa.func.sum(sa.case(
             (JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.amount),
             else_=-JournalEntryLineItem.amount))
-        select: sa.Select = sa.Select(balance_func)\
+        select: sa.Select[tuple[Decimal]] = sa.Select(balance_func)\
             .join(JournalEntry).join(Account)\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                    self.__account_condition,
                    JournalEntry.date < self.__period.start)
-        balance: int | None = db.session.scalar(select)
+        balance: Decimal | None = db.session.scalar(select)
         if balance is None:
             return None
         line_item: ReportLineItem = ReportLineItem()
@@ -144,7 +142,7 @@ class LineItemCollector:
 
         :return: The line items.
         """
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                self.__account_condition]
         if self.__period.start is not None:
@@ -152,12 +150,12 @@ class LineItemCollector:
         if self.__period.end is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date <= self.__period.end)
         journal_entry_with_account: sa.Select = sa.Select(JournalEntry.id).\
-            join(JournalEntryLineItem).join(Account).filter(*conditions)
+            join(JournalEntryLineItem).join(Account).where(*conditions)
 
-        return [ReportLineItem(x)
+        return [ReportLineItem(x) for x in db.session.scalars(
-                for x in JournalEntryLineItem.query
+                sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem)
                 .join(JournalEntry).join(Account)
-                .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry_id
+                .where(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry_id
                        .in_(journal_entry_with_account),
                        JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code
                        == self.__currency.code,
@@ -167,10 +165,10 @@ class LineItemCollector:
                           JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit,
                           JournalEntryLineItem.no)
                 .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.account),
-                         selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry))]
+                         selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)))]
 
     @property
-    def __account_condition(self) -> sa.BinaryExpression:
+    def __account_condition(self) -> sa.ColumnElement[bool]:
         if self.__account.code == CurrentAccount.CURRENT_AL_CODE:
             return CurrentAccount.sql_condition()
         return Account.id == self.__account.id
@@ -345,7 +343,7 @@ class PageParams(BasePageParams):
                           self.account.id == 0)]
         in_use: sa.Select = sa.Select(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)\
             .join(Account)\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.currency.code,
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.currency.code,
                    CurrentAccount.sql_condition())\
             .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)
         options.extend([OptionLink(str(x),
@@ -354,8 +352,10 @@ class PageParams(BasePageParams):
                                        CurrentAccount(x),
                                        self.period),
                                    x.id == self.account.id)
-                        for x in Account.query.filter(Account.id.in_(in_use))
+                        for x in db.session.scalars(
-                       .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no).all()])
+                        sa.select(Account).where(Account.id.in_(in_use))
+                        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no))
+                        .unique()])
         return options
 
 

src/accounting/report/reports/income_statement.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,19 +22,18 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import render_template, Response
 
-from accounting import db
+from ..period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, BaseAccount, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, period_spec
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ..utils.urls import ledger_url, income_statement_url
+from ... import db
+from ...locale import gettext
+from ...models import Currency, BaseAccount, Account, JournalEntry, \
     JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, \
-    period_spec
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import ledger_url, income_statement_url
 
 
 class ReportAccount:
@@ -219,11 +218,14 @@ class IncomeStatement(BaseReport):
         """
         balances: list[ReportAccount] = self.__query_balances()
 
-        titles: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query\
+        title_codes: set[str] = {"4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
-            .filter(BaseAccount.code.in_({"4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"})).all()
+        titles: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
-        subtitles: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query\
+            sa.select(BaseAccount)
-            .filter(BaseAccount.code.in_({x.account.base_code[:2]
+            .where(BaseAccount.code.in_(title_codes))).unique().all()
-                                          for x in balances})).all()
+        subtitle_codes: set[str] = {x.account.base_code[:2] for x in balances}
+        subtitles: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
+            sa.select(BaseAccount)
+            .where(BaseAccount.code.in_(subtitle_codes))).unique().all()
 
         total_titles: dict[str, str] \
             = {"4": gettext("Total Operating Revenue"),
@@ -254,9 +256,9 @@ class IncomeStatement(BaseReport):
 
         :return: The balances.
         """
-        sub_conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        sub_conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [Account.base_code.startswith(str(x)) for x in range(4, 10)]
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                sa.or_(*sub_conditions)]
         if self.__period.start is not None:
@@ -268,14 +270,15 @@ class IncomeStatement(BaseReport):
             else_=JournalEntryLineItem.amount)).label("balance")
         select_balances: sa.Select = sa.select(Account.id, balance_func)\
             .join(JournalEntry).join(Account)\
-            .filter(*conditions)\
+            .where(*conditions)\
             .group_by(Account.id)\
             .having(balance_func != 0)\
             .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)
         balances: list[sa.Row] = db.session.execute(select_balances).all()
         accounts: dict[int, Account] \
-            = {x.id: x for x in Account.query
+            = {x.id: x for x in db.session.scalars(
-               .filter(Account.id.in_([x.id for x in balances])).all()}
+               sa.select(Account)
+               .where(Account.id.in_([x.id for x in balances]))).unique()}
         return [ReportAccount(account=accounts[x.id],
                               amount=x.balance,
                               url=ledger_url(self.__currency,

src/accounting/report/reports/journal.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,18 +24,17 @@ import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import render_template, Response
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.period import Period, PeriodChooser
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, period_spec
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, \
+from ..utils.urls import journal_url
-    period_spec
+from ... import db
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import journal_url
+from ...utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
 
 
 class ReportLineItem:
@@ -185,20 +184,21 @@ class Journal(BaseReport):
 
         :return: The line items.
         """
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = []
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = []
         if self.__period.start is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date >= self.__period.start)
         if self.__period.end is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date <= self.__period.end)
-        return JournalEntryLineItem.query.join(JournalEntry)\
+        return db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(*conditions)\
+            sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem).join(JournalEntry)
+            .where(*conditions)
             .order_by(JournalEntry.date,
                       JournalEntry.no,
                       JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit.desc(),
-                      JournalEntryLineItem.no)\
+                      JournalEntryLineItem.no)
             .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.account),
                      selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.currency),
-                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)).all()
+                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry))).all()
 
     def csv(self) -> Response:
         """Returns the report as CSV for download.

src/accounting/report/reports/ledger.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,20 +24,18 @@ import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import url_for, render_template, Response
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting import db
+from ..period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, period_spec
-from accounting.report.period import Period, PeriodChooser
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, \
+from ..utils.urls import ledger_url
-    period_spec
+from ... import db
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ...utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import ledger_url
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
 
 
 class ReportLineItem:
@@ -117,7 +115,7 @@ class LineItemCollector:
             (JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.amount),
             else_=-JournalEntryLineItem.amount))
         select: sa.Select = sa.Select(balance_func).join(JournalEntry)\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                    JournalEntryLineItem.account_id == self.__account.id,
                    JournalEntry.date < self.__period.start)
         balance: int | None = db.session.scalar(select)
@@ -139,22 +137,22 @@ class LineItemCollector:
 
         :return: The line items.
         """
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code,
                JournalEntryLineItem.account_id == self.__account.id]
         if self.__period.start is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date >= self.__period.start)
         if self.__period.end is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date <= self.__period.end)
-        return [ReportLineItem(x) for x in JournalEntryLineItem.query
+        return [ReportLineItem(x) for x in db.session.scalars(
-                .join(JournalEntry)
+                sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem).join(JournalEntry)
-                .filter(*conditions)
+                .where(*conditions)
                 .order_by(JournalEntry.date,
                           JournalEntry.no,
                           JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit.desc(),
                           JournalEntryLineItem.no)
-                .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry))
+                .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)))
-                .all()]
+                .unique()]
 
     def __get_total(self) -> ReportLineItem | None:
         """Composes the total line item.
@@ -310,12 +308,13 @@ class PageParams(BasePageParams):
         :return: The account options.
         """
         in_use: sa.Select = sa.Select(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)\
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.currency.code)\
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.currency.code)\
             .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.account_id)
         return [OptionLink(str(x), ledger_url(self.currency, x, self.period),
                            x.id == self.account.id)
-                for x in Account.query.filter(Account.id.in_(in_use))
+                for x in db.session.scalars(
-                .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no).all()]
+                sa.select(Account).where(Account.id.in_(in_use))
+                .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)).unique()]
 
 
 class Ledger(BaseReport):

src/accounting/report/reports/search.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/8
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,17 +24,18 @@ import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Response, render_template, request
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
-from accounting.models import Currency, CurrencyL10n, Account, AccountL10n, \
-    JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import csv_download
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.query import parse_query_keywords
 from .journal import get_csv_rows
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.csv_export import csv_download
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ... import db
+from ...locale import gettext
+from ...models import Currency, CurrencyL10n, Account, AccountL10n, \
+    JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...utils.pagination import Pagination
+from ...utils.query import parse_query_keywords
 
 
 class LineItemCollector:
@@ -53,9 +54,9 @@ class LineItemCollector:
         keywords: list[str] = parse_query_keywords(request.args.get("q"))
         if len(keywords) == 0:
             return []
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] = []
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] = []
         for k in keywords:
-            sub_conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+            sub_conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
                 = [JournalEntryLineItem.description.icontains(k),
                    JournalEntryLineItem.account_id.in_(
                        self.__get_account_condition(k)),
@@ -69,15 +70,16 @@ class LineItemCollector:
             except ArithmeticError:
                 pass
             conditions.append(sa.or_(*sub_conditions))
-        return JournalEntryLineItem.query.join(JournalEntry)\
+        return db.session.scalars(
-            .filter(*conditions)\
+            sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem).join(JournalEntry)
+            .where(*conditions)
             .order_by(JournalEntry.date,
                       JournalEntry.no,
                       JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit,
-                      JournalEntryLineItem.no)\
+                      JournalEntryLineItem.no)
             .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.account),
                      selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.currency),
-                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)).all()
+                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry))).all()
 
     @staticmethod
     def __get_account_condition(k: str) -> sa.Select:
@@ -86,20 +88,20 @@ class LineItemCollector:
         :param k: The keyword.
         :return: The condition to filter the account.
         """
-        code: sa.BinaryExpression = Account.base_code + "-" \
+        code: sa.ColumnElement[str] = Account.base_code + "-" \
             + sa.func.substr("000" + sa.cast(Account.no, sa.String),
                              sa.func.char_length(sa.cast(Account.no,
                                                          sa.String)) + 1)
         select_l10n: sa.Select = sa.select(AccountL10n.account_id)\
-            .filter(AccountL10n.title.icontains(k))
+            .where(AccountL10n.title.icontains(k))
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [Account.base_code.contains(k),
                Account.title_l10n.icontains(k),
                code.contains(k),
                Account.id.in_(select_l10n)]
         if k in gettext("Needs Offset"):
             conditions.append(Account.is_need_offset)
-        return sa.select(Account.id).filter(sa.or_(*conditions))
+        return sa.select(Account.id).where(sa.or_(*conditions))
 
     @staticmethod
     def __get_currency_condition(k: str) -> sa.Select:
@@ -109,9 +111,9 @@ class LineItemCollector:
         :return: The condition to filter the currency.
         """
         select_l10n: sa.Select = sa.select(CurrencyL10n.currency_code)\
-            .filter(CurrencyL10n.name.icontains(k))
+            .where(CurrencyL10n.name.icontains(k))
-        return sa.select(Currency.code).filter(
+        return sa.select(Currency.code)\
-            sa.or_(Currency.code.icontains(k),
+            .where(sa.or_(Currency.code.icontains(k),
                           Currency.name_l10n.icontains(k),
                           Currency.code.in_(select_l10n)))
 
@@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ class LineItemCollector:
         :param k: The keyword.
         :return: The condition to filter the journal entry.
         """
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntry.note.icontains(k)]
         date: dt.datetime
         try:
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ class LineItemCollector:
                 sa.extract("day", JournalEntry.date) == date.day))
         except ValueError:
             pass
-        return sa.select(JournalEntry.id).filter(sa.or_(*conditions))
+        return sa.select(JournalEntry.id).where(sa.or_(*conditions))
 
 
 class PageParams(BasePageParams):

src/accounting/report/reports/trial_balance.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,19 +22,17 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Response, render_template
 
-from accounting import db
+from ..period import Period, PeriodChooser
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, period_spec
-from accounting.report.period import Period, PeriodChooser
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download, \
+from ..utils.urls import ledger_url, trial_balance_url
-    period_spec
+from ... import db
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import ledger_url, trial_balance_url
 
 
 class ReportAccount:
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@ class TrialBalance(BaseReport):
 
         :return: None.
         """
-        conditions: list[sa.BinaryExpression] \
+        conditions: list[sa.ColumnElement[bool]] \
             = [JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == self.__currency.code]
         if self.__period.start is not None:
             conditions.append(JournalEntry.date >= self.__period.start)
@@ -189,14 +187,15 @@ class TrialBalance(BaseReport):
             else_=-JournalEntryLineItem.amount)).label("balance")
         select_balances: sa.Select = sa.select(Account.id, balance_func)\
             .join(JournalEntry).join(Account)\
-            .filter(*conditions)\
+            .where(*conditions)\
             .group_by(Account.id)\
             .having(balance_func != 0)\
             .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)
         balances: list[sa.Row] = db.session.execute(select_balances).all()
         accounts: dict[int, Account] \
-            = {x.id: x for x in Account.query
+            = {x.id: x for x in db.session.scalars(
-               .filter(Account.id.in_([x.id for x in balances])).all()}
+               sa.select(Account)
+               .where(Account.id.in_([x.id for x in balances]))).unique()}
         self.__accounts = [ReportAccount(account=accounts[x.id],
                                          amount=x.balance,
                                          url=ledger_url(self.__currency,

src/accounting/report/reports/unapplied.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,22 +20,22 @@
 import datetime as dt
 from decimal import Decimal
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import render_template, Response
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ..utils.unapplied import get_accounts_with_unapplied, get_net_balances
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.urls import unapplied_url
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ... import db
-from accounting.report.utils.unapplied import get_accounts_with_unapplied, \
+from ...locale import gettext
-    get_net_balances
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import unapplied_url
+from ...utils.pagination import Pagination
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
 
 
 class CSVRow(BaseCSVRow):
@@ -178,13 +178,14 @@ class UnappliedOriginalLineItems(BaseReport):
         """
         net_balances: dict[int, Decimal | None] \
             = get_net_balances(self.__currency, self.__account)
-        line_items: list[JournalEntryLineItem] = JournalEntryLineItem.query \
+        line_items: list[JournalEntryLineItem] = db.session.scalars(
-            .join(Account).join(JournalEntry) \
+            sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem).join(Account).join(JournalEntry)
-            .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(net_balances)) \
+            .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(net_balances))
             .order_by(JournalEntry.date, JournalEntry.no,
-                      JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.no) \
+                      JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.no)
             .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.currency),
-                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)).all()
+                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)))\
+            .unique().all()
         for line_item in line_items:
             line_item.net_balance = line_item.amount \
                 if net_balances[line_item.id] is None \

src/accounting/report/reports/unapplied_accounts.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 
 from flask import render_template, Response
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.unapplied import get_accounts_with_unapplied
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ..utils.urls import unapplied_url
-from accounting.report.utils.unapplied import get_accounts_with_unapplied
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import unapplied_url
+from ...models import Currency, Account
 
 
 class CSVRow(BaseCSVRow):

src/accounting/report/reports/unmatched.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/17
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,18 +23,18 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 from flask import render_template, Response
 from flask_babel import LazyString
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.offset_matcher import OffsetMatcher, OffsetPair
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.offset_matcher import OffsetMatcher, OffsetPair
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.unmatched import get_accounts_with_unmatched
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ..utils.urls import unmatched_url
-from accounting.report.utils.unmatched import get_accounts_with_unmatched
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import unmatched_url
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.utils.pagination import Pagination
+from ...utils.pagination import Pagination
 
 
 class CSVRow(BaseCSVRow):

src/accounting/report/reports/unmatched_accounts.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/17
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 
 from flask import render_template, Response
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from ..utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account
+from ..utils.base_report import BaseReport
-from accounting.report.utils.base_page_params import BasePageParams
+from ..utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
-from accounting.report.utils.base_report import BaseReport
+from ..utils.option_link import OptionLink
-from accounting.report.utils.csv_export import BaseCSVRow, csv_download
+from ..utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
-from accounting.report.utils.option_link import OptionLink
+from ..utils.report_type import ReportType
-from accounting.report.utils.report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ..utils.unmatched import get_accounts_with_unmatched
-from accounting.report.utils.report_type import ReportType
+from ..utils.urls import unmatched_url
-from accounting.report.utils.unmatched import get_accounts_with_unmatched
+from ...locale import gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.urls import unmatched_url
+from ...models import Currency, Account
 
 
 class CSVRow(BaseCSVRow):

src/accounting/report/template_filters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 """
 from decimal import Decimal
 
-from accounting.template_filters import format_amount as core_format_amount
+from ..template_filters import format_amount as core_format_amount
 
 
 def format_amount(value: Decimal | None) -> str | None:

src/accounting/report/utils/base_page_params.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/6
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,18 +19,17 @@
 """
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Callable
-from typing import Type
 from urllib.parse import urlparse, ParseResult, parse_qsl, urlencode, \
     urlunparse
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import request
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.models import Currency, JournalEntryLineItem
-from accounting.utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
 from .option_link import OptionLink
 from .report_chooser import ReportChooser
+from ... import db
+from ...models import Currency, JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...utils.journal_entry_types import JournalEntryType
 
 
 class BasePageParams(ABC):
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ class BasePageParams(ABC):
         """
 
     @property
-    def journal_entry_types(self) -> Type[JournalEntryType]:
+    def journal_entry_types(self) -> type[JournalEntryType]:
         """Returns the journal entry types.
 
         :return: The journal entry types.
@@ -85,5 +84,6 @@ class BasePageParams(ABC):
             sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code)
             .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code)).all())
         return [OptionLink(str(x), get_url(x), x.code == active_currency.code)
-                for x in Currency.query.filter(Currency.code.in_(in_use))
+                for x in db.session.scalars(
-                .order_by(Currency.code).all()]
+                sa.select(Currency).where(Currency.code.in_(in_use))
+                .order_by(Currency.code)).unique()]

src/accounting/report/utils/csv_export.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ from urllib.parse import quote
 
 from flask import Response
 
-from accounting.report.period import Period
+from ..period import Period
 
 
 class BaseCSVRow(ABC):
@@ -66,15 +66,19 @@ def period_spec(period: Period) -> str:
     """
     start: str | None = __get_start_str(period.start)
     end: str | None = __get_end_str(period.end)
-    if period.start is None and period.end is None:
+    if start is None:
-        return "all-time"
+        return "all-time" if end is None else f"until-{end}"
-    if start == end:
+    return f"since-{start}" if end is None else __get_spec(start, end)
-        return start
+
-    if period.start is None:
+
-        return f"until-{end}"
+def __get_spec(start: str, end: str) -> str:
-    if period.end is None:
+    """Constructs the period specification with both start and end
-        return f"since-{start}"
+
-    return f"{start}-{end}"
+    :param start: The start date.
+    :param end: The end date.
+    :return: The period specification.
+    """
+    return start if start == end else f"{start}-{end}"
 
 
 def __get_start_str(start: dt.date | None) -> str | None:

src/accounting/report/utils/offset_matcher.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/8
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask_babel import LazyString
 from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
 
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..utils.unapplied import get_net_balances
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ... import db
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.report.utils.unapplied import get_net_balances
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
 
 
 class OffsetPair:
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class OffsetMatcher:
         :param currency: The currency.
         :param account: The account.
         """
-        self.__currency: Account = currency
+        self.__currency: Currency = currency
         """The currency."""
         self.__account: Account = account
         """The account."""
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class OffsetMatcher:
         """
         net_balances: dict[int, Decimal | None] \
             = get_net_balances(self.__currency, self.__account)
-        unmatched_offset_condition: sa.BinaryExpression \
+        unmatched_offset_condition: sa.ColumnElement[bool] \
             = sa.and_(Account.id == self.__account.id,
                       JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code
                       == self.__currency.code,
@@ -114,14 +114,15 @@ class OffsetMatcher:
                                      JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit),
                              sa.and_(Account.base_code.startswith("1"),
                                      sa.not_(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit))))
-        self.line_items = JournalEntryLineItem.query \
+        self.line_items = db.session.scalars(
-            .join(Account).join(JournalEntry) \
+            sa.select(JournalEntryLineItem).join(Account).join(JournalEntry)
-            .filter(sa.or_(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(net_balances),
+            .where(sa.or_(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(net_balances),
-                           unmatched_offset_condition)) \
+                          unmatched_offset_condition))
             .order_by(JournalEntry.date, JournalEntry.no,
-                      JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.no) \
+                      JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit, JournalEntryLineItem.no)
             .options(selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.currency),
-                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)).all()
+                     selectinload(JournalEntryLineItem.journal_entry)))\
+            .unique().all()
         for line_item in self.line_items:
             line_item.is_offset = line_item.id not in net_balances
         self.unapplied = [x for x in self.line_items if not x.is_offset]

src/accounting/report/utils/report_chooser.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/4
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -25,18 +25,18 @@ from collections.abc import Iterator
 
 from flask_babel import LazyString
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.locale import gettext
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account
-from accounting.report.period import Period, get_period
-from accounting.template_globals import default_currency_code
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.utils.permission import can_edit
 from .option_link import OptionLink
 from .report_type import ReportType
 from .urls import journal_url, ledger_url, income_expenses_url, \
     trial_balance_url, income_statement_url, balance_sheet_url, \
     unapplied_url, unmatched_url
+from ..period import Period, get_period
+from ... import db
+from ...locale import gettext
+from ...models import Currency, Account
+from ...template_globals import default_currency_code
+from ...utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
+from ...utils.permission import can_edit
 
 
 class ReportChooser:

src/accounting/report/utils/report_type.py

@@ -22,21 +22,21 @@ from enum import Enum
 
 class ReportType(Enum):
     """The report types."""
-    JOURNAL: str = "journal"
+    JOURNAL = "journal"
     """The journal."""
-    LEDGER: str = "ledger"
+    LEDGER = "ledger"
     """The ledger."""
-    INCOME_EXPENSES: str = "income-expenses"
+    INCOME_EXPENSES = "income-expenses"
     """The income and expenses log."""
-    TRIAL_BALANCE: str = "trial-balance"
+    TRIAL_BALANCE = "trial-balance"
     """The trial balance."""
-    INCOME_STATEMENT: str = "income-statement"
+    INCOME_STATEMENT = "income-statement"
     """The income statement."""
-    BALANCE_SHEET: str = "balance-sheet"
+    BALANCE_SHEET = "balance-sheet"
     """The balance sheet."""
-    UNAPPLIED: str = "unapplied"
+    UNAPPLIED = "unapplied"
     """The unapplied original line items."""
-    UNMATCHED: str = "unmatched"
+    UNMATCHED = "unmatched"
     """The unmatched offsets."""
-    SEARCH: str = "search"
+    SEARCH = "search"
     """The search."""

src/accounting/report/utils/unapplied.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/7
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,10 +21,9 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import db
+from ... import db
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-    JournalEntryLineItem
+from ...utils.offset_alias import offset_alias
-from accounting.utils.offset_alias import offset_alias
 
 
 def get_accounts_with_unapplied(currency: Currency) -> list[Account]:
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ def get_accounts_with_unapplied(currency: Currency) -> list[Account]:
         .join(offset,
               JournalEntryLineItem.id == offset.c.original_line_item_id,
               isouter=True)\
-        .filter(Account.is_need_offset,
+        .where(Account.is_need_offset,
                JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == currency.code,
                sa.or_(sa.and_(Account.base_code.startswith("2"),
                               sa.not_(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit)),
@@ -59,13 +58,14 @@ def get_accounts_with_unapplied(currency: Currency) -> list[Account]:
         = sa.func.count(JournalEntryLineItem.id).label("count")
     select: sa.Select = sa.select(Account.id, count_func)\
         .join(JournalEntryLineItem, isouter=True)\
-        .filter(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(select_unapplied))\
+        .where(JournalEntryLineItem.id.in_(select_unapplied))\
         .group_by(Account.id)\
         .having(count_func > 0)
     counts: dict[int, int] \
         = {x.id: x.count for x in db.session.execute(select)}
-    accounts: list[Account] = Account.query.filter(Account.id.in_(counts))\
+    accounts: list[Account] = db.session.scalars(
-        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no).all()
+        sa.select(Account).where(Account.id.in_(counts))
+        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)).unique().all()
     for account in accounts:
         account.count = counts[account.id]
     return accounts
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def get_net_balances(currency: Currency, account: Account) \
         .join(offset,
               JournalEntryLineItem.id == offset.c.original_line_item_id,
               isouter=True) \
-        .filter(Account.id == account.id,
+        .where(Account.id == account.id,
                JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == currency.code,
                sa.or_(sa.and_(Account.base_code.startswith("2"),
                               sa.not_(JournalEntryLineItem.is_debit)),
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ def get_net_balances(currency: Currency, account: Account) \
         .group_by(JournalEntryLineItem.id) \
         .having(sa.or_(sa.func.count(offset.c.id) == 0, net_balance != 0))
     return {x.id: x.net_balance
-            for x in db.session.execute(select_net_balances).all()}
+            for x in db.session.execute(select_net_balances)}

src/accounting/report/utils/unmatched.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/8
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,9 +19,8 @@
 """
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import db
+from ... import db
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, \
+from ...models import Currency, Account, JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-    JournalEntryLineItem
 
 
 def get_accounts_with_unmatched(currency: Currency) -> list[Account]:
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ def get_accounts_with_unmatched(currency: Currency) -> list[Account]:
     select: sa.Select = sa.select(Account.id, count_func)\
         .select_from(Account)\
         .join(JournalEntryLineItem, isouter=True).join(JournalEntry)\
-        .filter(Account.is_need_offset,
+        .where(Account.is_need_offset,
                JournalEntryLineItem.currency_code == currency.code,
                JournalEntryLineItem.original_line_item_id.is_(None),
                sa.or_(sa.and_(Account.base_code.startswith("2"),
@@ -47,8 +46,9 @@ def get_accounts_with_unmatched(currency: Currency) -> list[Account]:
         .having(count_func > 0)
     counts: dict[int, int] \
         = {x.id: x.count for x in db.session.execute(select)}
-    accounts: list[Account] = Account.query.filter(Account.id.in_(counts))\
+    accounts: list[Account] = db.session.scalars(
-        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no).all()
+        sa.select(Account).where(Account.id.in_(counts))
+        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)).unique().all()
     for account in accounts:
         account.count = counts[account.id]
     return accounts

src/accounting/report/utils/urls.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/9
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@
 """
 from flask import url_for
 
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account
+from ...models import Currency, Account
-from accounting.report.period import Period
+from ...report.period import Period
-from accounting.template_globals import default_currency_code
+from ...template_globals import default_currency_code
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
+from ...utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.utils.options import options
+from ...utils.options import options
 
 
 def journal_url(period: Period) \

src/accounting/report/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/3
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,15 +19,6 @@
 """
 from flask import Blueprint, request, Response, redirect, flash
 
-from accounting import db
-from accounting.locale import lazy_gettext
-from accounting.models import Currency, Account
-from accounting.template_globals import default_currency_code
-from accounting.utils.cast import s
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.utils.next_uri import or_next
-from accounting.utils.options import options
-from accounting.utils.permission import has_permission, can_view, can_edit
 from .period import Period, get_period
 from .reports import Journal, Ledger, IncomeExpenses, TrialBalance, \
     IncomeStatement, BalanceSheet, Search
@@ -38,6 +29,15 @@ from .reports.unmatched_accounts import AccountsWithUnmatchedOffsets
 from .template_filters import format_amount
 from .utils.offset_matcher import OffsetMatcher
 from .utils.urls import unmatched_url
+from .. import db
+from ..locale import lazy_gettext
+from ..models import Currency, Account
+from ..template_globals import default_currency_code
+from ..utils.cast import s
+from ..utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
+from ..utils.next_uri import or_next
+from ..utils.options import options
+from ..utils.permission import has_permission, can_view, can_edit
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("accounting-report", __name__)
 """The view blueprint for the reports."""
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ def get_unmatched(currency: Currency, account: Account) -> str | Response:
 @bp.post("match-offsets/<currency:currency>/<needOffsetAccount:account>",
          endpoint="match-offsets")
 @has_permission(can_edit)
-def match_offsets(currency: Currency, account: Account) -> redirect:
+def match_offsets(currency: Currency, account: Account) -> Response:
     """Matches the original line items with their offsets.
 
     :return: Redirection to the view of the unmatched offsets.

src/accounting/static/js/account-form.js

@@ -339,6 +339,7 @@ class BaseAccountSelector {
 /**
  * A base account option.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class BaseAccountOption {
 

src/accounting/static/js/description-editor.js

@@ -344,6 +344,7 @@ class DescriptionEditor {
 /**
  * An account option in the description editor.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class DescriptionEditorAccount extends JournalEntryAccount {
 
@@ -415,6 +416,7 @@ class DescriptionEditorAccount extends JournalEntryAccount {
 /**
  * A suggested account.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class DescriptionEditorSuggestedAccount extends DescriptionEditorAccount {
 
@@ -432,6 +434,7 @@ class DescriptionEditorSuggestedAccount extends DescriptionEditorAccount {
 /**
  * The account option that is specified or confirmed by the user.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class DescriptionEditorConfirmedAccount extends DescriptionEditorAccount {
 

src/accounting/static/js/journal-entry-account-selector.js

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 /**
  * The account selector.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class JournalEntryAccountSelector {
 
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ class JournalEntryAccountSelector {
      * @param debitCredit {string} either "debit" or "credit"
      */
     constructor(lineItemEditor, debitCredit) {
-        this.lineItemEditor = lineItemEditor
+        this.lineItemEditor = lineItemEditor;
         this.#debitCredit = debitCredit;
         const prefix = `accounting-account-selector-${debitCredit}`;
         this.#query = document.getElementById(`${prefix}-query`);
@@ -187,6 +188,7 @@ class JournalEntryAccountSelector {
 /**
  * An account option
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class JournalEntryAccountOption {
 

src/accounting/static/js/option-form.js

@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ class OptionForm {
 /**
  * The recurring expenses or incomes sub-form.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class RecurringExpenseIncomeSubForm {
 
@@ -350,6 +351,7 @@ class RecurringExpenseIncomeSubForm {
 /**
  * A recurring item sub-form.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class RecurringItemSubForm {
 
@@ -551,6 +553,7 @@ class RecurringItemSubForm {
 /**
  * The recurring item editor.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class RecurringItemEditor {
 
@@ -829,6 +832,7 @@ class RecurringItemEditor {
 /**
  * The account selector for the recurring item editor.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class RecurringAccountSelector {
 
@@ -941,6 +945,7 @@ class RecurringAccountSelector {
 /**
  * An account in the account selector for the recurring item editor.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class RecurringAccount {
 

src/accounting/static/js/original-line-item-selector.js

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 /**
  * The original line item selector.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class OriginalLineItemSelector {
 
@@ -190,6 +191,7 @@ class OriginalLineItemSelector {
 /**
  * An original line item.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class OriginalLineItem {
 

src/accounting/static/js/period-chooser.js

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * period-chooser.js: The JavaScript for the period chooser
  */
 
-/*  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+/*  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
  *
  *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
 /**
  * The period chooser.
  *
+ * @private
  */
 class PeriodChooser {
 
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ class CustomTab extends TabPlane {
      * The confirm button
      * @type {HTMLButtonElement}
      */
-    #conform;
+    #confirm;
 
     /**
      * Constructs a tab plane.
@@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ class CustomTab extends TabPlane {
         this.#startError = document.getElementById(`${this.prefix}-start-error`);
         this.#end = document.getElementById(`${this.prefix}-end`);
         this.#endError = document.getElementById(`${this.prefix}-end-error`);
-        this.#conform = document.getElementById(`${this.prefix}-confirm`);
+        this.#confirm = document.getElementById(`${this.prefix}-confirm`);
         if (this.#start !== null) {
             this.#start.onchange = () => {
                 if (this.#validateStart()) {
@@ -345,7 +346,7 @@ class CustomTab extends TabPlane {
                     this.#start.max = this.#end.value;
                 }
             };
-            this.#conform.onclick = () => {
+            this.#confirm.onclick = () => {
                 let isValid = true;
                 isValid = this.#validateStart() && isValid;
                 isValid = this.#validateEnd() && isValid;

src/accounting/template_filters.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from flask_babel import get_locale
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from .locale import gettext
-from accounting.utils.timezone import get_tz_today
+from .utils.timezone import get_tz_today
 
 
 def format_amount(value: Decimal | None) -> str | None:

src/accounting/template_globals.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/3
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@
 """The template globals.
 
 """
-from accounting.models import Currency
+import sqlalchemy as sa
-from accounting.utils.options import options
+
+from . import db
+from .models import Currency
+from .utils.options import options
 
 
 def currency_options() -> list[Currency]:
@@ -26,7 +29,8 @@ def currency_options() -> list[Currency]:
 
     :return: The currency options.
     """
-    return Currency.query.order_by(Currency.code).all()
+    return db.session.scalars(
+        sa.select(Currency).order_by(Currency.code)).unique().all()
 
 
 def default_currency_code() -> str:

src/accounting/templates/accounting/journal-entry/disbursement/detail.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 detail.html: The cash disbursement journal entry detail
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ First written: 2023/2/26
 #}
 {% extends "accounting/journal-entry/include/detail.html" %}
 
-{% block as_trasfer %}
+{% block as_transfer %}
   <a class="btn btn-primary" role="button" href="{{ url_for("accounting.journal-entry.edit", journal_entry=obj)|accounting_journal_entry_to_transfer|accounting_inherit_next }}">
     <i class="fa-solid fa-table-columns"></i>
     <span class="d-none d-md-inline">{{ A_("As Transfer") }}</span>

src/accounting/templates/accounting/journal-entry/include/detail.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 detail.html: The account detail
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ First written: 2023/2/26
     <span class="d-none d-md-inline">{{ A_("Order") }}</span>
   </a>
   {% if accounting_can_edit() %}
-    {% block as_trasfer %}{% endblock %}
+    {% block as_transfer %}{% endblock %}
     {% if obj.can_delete %}
       <button class="btn btn-danger" type="button" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#accounting-delete-modal">
         <i class="fa-solid fa-trash"></i>

src/accounting/templates/accounting/journal-entry/receipt/detail.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 detail.html: The cash receipt journal entry detail
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ First written: 2023/2/26
 #}
 {% extends "accounting/journal-entry/include/detail.html" %}
 
-{% block as_trasfer %}
+{% block as_transfer %}
   <a class="btn btn-primary" role="button" href="{{ url_for("accounting.journal-entry.edit", journal_entry=obj)|accounting_journal_entry_to_transfer|accounting_inherit_next }}">
     <i class="fa-solid fa-table-columns"></i>
     <span class="d-none d-md-inline">{{ A_("As Transfer") }}</span>
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ First written: 2023/2/26
         <li class="list-group-item accounting-journal-entry-line-item accounting-journal-entry-line-item-total">
           <div class="d-flex justify-content-between">
             <div>{{ A_("Total") }}</div>
-            <div>{{ currency.debit_total|accounting_format_amount }}</div>
+            <div>{{ currency.credit_total|accounting_format_amount }}</div>
           </div>
         </li>
       </ul>

src/accounting/templates/accounting/journal-entry/transfer/detail.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 detail.html: The transfer journal entry detail
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ First written: 2023/2/26
             <li class="list-group-item accounting-journal-entry-line-item accounting-journal-entry-line-item-total">
               <div class="d-flex justify-content-between">
                 <div>{{ A_("Total") }}</div>
-                <div>{{ currency.debit_total|accounting_format_amount }}</div>
+                <div>{{ currency.credit_total|accounting_format_amount }}</div>
               </div>
             </li>
           </ul>

src/accounting/templates/accounting/report/balance-sheet.html

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {#
 The Mia! Accounting Project
-income-statement.html: The income statement
+balance-sheet.html: The balance sheet
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/accounting/templates/accounting/report/unapplied-accounts.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 unapplied-accounts.html: The account list with unapplied original line items
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ First written: 2023/4/8
 
 {% block accounting_scripts %}
   <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/material-fab-speed-dial.js") }}"></script>
-  <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/period-chooser.js") }}"></script>
 {% endblock %}
 
 {% block header %}{% block title %}{% if report.currency.code == accounting_default_currency_code() %}{{ A_("Accounts With Unapplied Items") }}{% else %}{{ A_("Accounts With Unapplied Items in %(currency)s", currency=report.currency.name|title) }}{% endif %}{% endblock %}{% endblock %}

src/accounting/templates/accounting/report/unapplied.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 unapplied.html: The unapplied original line items
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ First written: 2023/4/7
 
 {% block accounting_scripts %}
   <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/material-fab-speed-dial.js") }}"></script>
-  <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/period-chooser.js") }}"></script>
 {% endblock %}
 
 {% block header %}{% block title %}{% if report.currency.code == accounting_default_currency_code() %}{{ A_("Unapplied Items of %(account)s", account=report.account.title) }}{% else %}{{ A_("Unapplied Items of %(account)s in %(currency)s", currency=report.currency.name|title, account=report.account.title) }}{% endif %}{% endblock %}{% endblock %}

src/accounting/templates/accounting/report/unmatched-accounts.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 unmatched-accounts.html: The account list with unmatched offsets
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ First written: 2023/4/17
 
 {% block accounting_scripts %}
   <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/material-fab-speed-dial.js") }}"></script>
-  <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/period-chooser.js") }}"></script>
 {% endblock %}
 
 {% block header %}{% block title %}{% if report.currency.code == accounting_default_currency_code() %}{{ A_("Accounts With Unmatched Offsets") }}{% else %}{{ A_("Accounts With Unmatched Offsets in %(currency)s", currency=report.currency.name|title) }}{% endif %}{% endblock %}{% endblock %}

src/accounting/templates/accounting/report/unmatched.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 The Mia! Accounting Project
 unmatched.html: The unmatched offsets
 
- Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+ Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ First written: 2023/4/17
 
 {% block accounting_scripts %}
   <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/material-fab-speed-dial.js") }}"></script>
-  <script src="{{ url_for("accounting.static", filename="js/period-chooser.js") }}"></script>
 {% endblock %}
 
 {% block header %}{% block title %}{% if report.currency.code == accounting_default_currency_code() %}{{ A_("Unmatched Offsets of %(account)s", account=report.account.title) }}{% else %}{{ A_("Unmatched Offsets of %(account)s in %(currency)s", currency=report.currency.name|title, account=report.account.title) }}{% endif %}{% endblock %}{% endblock %}

src/accounting/utils/current_account.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/22
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ from typing import Self
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting.locale import gettext
+from .. import db
-from accounting.models import Account
+from ..locale import gettext
+from ..models import Account
 
 
 class CurrentAccount:
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ class CurrentAccount:
 
         :return: The pseudo account for all current assets and liabilities.
         """
-        account: cls = cls()
+        account: Self = cls()
         account.id = 0
         account.code = cls.CURRENT_AL_CODE
         account.title = gettext("current assets and liabilities")
@@ -73,14 +74,15 @@ class CurrentAccount:
         :return: The current assets and liabilities accounts.
         """
         accounts: list[cls] = [cls.current_assets_and_liabilities()]
-        accounts.extend([CurrentAccount(x)
+        accounts.extend([cls(x)
-                         for x in Account.query
+                         for x in db.session.scalars(
-                        .filter(cls.sql_condition())
+                         sa.select(Account).where(cls.sql_condition())
-                        .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no)])
+                         .order_by(Account.base_code, Account.no))
+                         .unique()])
         return accounts
 
     @classmethod
-    def sql_condition(cls) -> sa.BinaryExpression:
+    def sql_condition(cls) -> sa.ColumnElement[bool]:
         """Returns the SQL condition for the current assets and liabilities
         accounts.
 

src/accounting/utils/journal_entry_types.py

@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ from enum import Enum
 
 class JournalEntryType(Enum):
     """The journal entry types."""
-    CASH_RECEIPT: str = "receipt"
+    CASH_RECEIPT = "receipt"
     """The cash receipt journal entry."""
-    CASH_DISBURSEMENT: str = "disbursement"
+    CASH_DISBURSEMENT = "disbursement"
     """The cash disbursement journal entry."""
-    TRANSFER: str = "transfer"
+    TRANSFER = "transfer"
     """The transfer journal entry."""

src/accounting/utils/offset_alias.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/15
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from typing import Any
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting.models import JournalEntryLineItem
+from ..models import JournalEntryLineItem
 
 
 def offset_alias() -> sa.Alias:

src/accounting/utils/options.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/22
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ import json
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from accounting import db
+from .current_account import CurrentAccount
-from accounting.models import Option, Account, Currency
+from .user import get_current_user_pk
-from accounting.utils.current_account import CurrentAccount
+from .. import db
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user_pk
+from ..models import Option, Account, Currency
 
 
 class RecurringItem:

src/accounting/utils/pagination.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qsl, urlencode, urlunparse, \
 from flask import request
 from werkzeug.routing import RequestRedirect
 
-from accounting.locale import pgettext
+from ..locale import pgettext
 
 
 class Link:

src/accounting/utils/permission.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ from collections.abc import Callable
 
 from flask import abort, Blueprint, Response
 
-from accounting.utils.user import get_current_user, UserUtilityInterface
+from .user import get_current_user, UserUtilityInterface
 
 
 def has_permission(rule: Callable[[], bool]) -> Callable:

src/accounting/utils/query.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/25
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ def parse_query_keywords(q: str | None) -> list[str]:
         return []
     keywords: list[str] = []
     while True:
-        m: re.Match
+        m: re.Match[str] | None
+        assert q is not None
         m = re.match(r"\"([^\"]+)\"\s+(.+)$", q)
         if m is not None:
             keywords.append(m.group(1))

src/accounting/utils/random_id.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/30
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ This module should not import any other module from the application.
 
 """
 from secrets import randbelow
-from typing import Type
 
-from accounting import db
+from .. import db
+from ..utils.user import base_cls
 
 
-def new_id(cls: Type[db.Model]):
+def new_id(cls: type[base_cls]):
     """Generates and returns a new, unused random ID for the data model.
 
     :param cls: The data model.

src/accounting/utils/timezone.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2024/6/4
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2024-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 This module should not import any other module from the application.
 
 """
-
 import datetime as dt
 
 import pytz

src/accounting/utils/title_case.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def title_case(s: str) -> str:
     return re.sub(r"\w+", __cap_word, s)
 
 
-def __cap_word(m: re.Match) -> str:
+def __cap_word(m: re.Match[str]) -> str:
     """Capitalize a matched title word.
 
     :param m: The matched title word.

src/accounting/utils/user.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/1
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,14 +20,13 @@ This module should not import any other module from the application.
 
 """
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Type
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import g, Response
-from flask_sqlalchemy.model import Model
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
 
 
-class UserUtilityInterface[T: Model](ABC):
+class UserUtilityInterface[T: DeclarativeBase](ABC):
     """The interface for the user utilities."""
 
     @abstractmethod
@@ -70,7 +69,15 @@ class UserUtilityInterface[T: Model](ABC):
 
     @property
     @abstractmethod
-    def cls(self) -> Type[T]:
+    def base(self) -> type[DeclarativeBase]:
+        """Returns the base data model.
+
+        :return: The base data model.
+        """
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def cls(self) -> type[T]:
         """Returns the class of the user data model.
 
         :return: The class of the user data model.
@@ -110,7 +117,9 @@ class UserUtilityInterface[T: Model](ABC):
 
 __user_utils: UserUtilityInterface
 """The user utilities."""
-type user_cls = Model
+base_cls = DeclarativeBase
+"""The base data model."""
+type user_cls = DeclarativeBase
 """The user class."""
 user_pk_column: sa.Column = sa.Column(sa.Integer)
 """The primary key column of the user class."""
@@ -122,8 +131,9 @@ def init_user_utils(utils: UserUtilityInterface) -> None:
     :param utils: The user utilities.
     :return: None.
     """
-    global __user_utils, user_cls, user_pk_column
+    global __user_utils, base_cls, user_cls, user_pk_column
     __user_utils = utils
+    base_cls = utils.base
     user_cls = utils.cls
     user_pk_column = utils.pk_column
 

tests/test_account.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/1
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import datetime as dt
 import unittest
 
 import httpx
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Flask
 
 from accounting.utils.next_uri import encode_next
@@ -72,14 +73,10 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         :return: None.
         """
-        self.__app: Flask = create_test_app()
+        self.__app: Flask = create_test_app(is_skip_accounts=True)
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import Account, AccountL10n
-            AccountL10n.query.delete()
-            Account.query.delete()
-            db.session.commit()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -105,6 +102,15 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"],
                          f"{PREFIX}/{BANK.code}")
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 
@@ -270,7 +276,9 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         response: httpx.Response
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Account.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique()},
                 {CASH.code, BANK.code})
 
         # Missing CSRF token
@@ -329,8 +337,8 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"], create_uri)
 
         # Success, with spaces to be stripped
-        response = self.__client.post(store_uri,
+        response = self.__client.post(
-                                      data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
+            store_uri, data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
                              "base_code": f" {STOCK.base_code} ",
                              "title": f" {STOCK.title} "})
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
@@ -347,7 +355,9 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # Success under the same base, with order in a mess.
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            stock_2: Account = Account.find_by_code(f"{STOCK.base_code}-002")
+            stock_2: Account | None = \
+                Account.find_by_code(f"{STOCK.base_code}-002")
+            self.assertIsNotNone(stock_2)
             stock_2.no = 66
             db.session.commit()
 
@@ -360,12 +370,14 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                          f"{PREFIX}/{STOCK.base_code}-003")
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Account.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique()},
                 {CASH.code, BANK.code, STOCK.code,
-                              f"{STOCK.base_code}-002",
+                 f"{STOCK.base_code}-002", f"{STOCK.base_code}-003"})
-                              f"{STOCK.base_code}-003"})
 
-            account: Account = Account.find_by_code(STOCK.code)
+            account: Account | None = Account.find_by_code(STOCK.code)
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account)
             self.assertEqual(account.base_code, STOCK.base_code)
             self.assertEqual(account.title_l10n, STOCK.title)
 
@@ -390,7 +402,8 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"], detail_uri)
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            account: Account = Account.find_by_code(CASH.code)
+            account: Account | None = Account.find_by_code(CASH.code)
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account)
             self.assertEqual(account.base_code, CASH.base_code)
             self.assertEqual(account.title_l10n, f"{CASH.title}-1")
 
@@ -457,7 +470,7 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         from accounting.models import Account
         detail_uri: str = f"{PREFIX}/{CASH.code}"
         update_uri: str = f"{PREFIX}/{CASH.code}/update"
-        account: Account
+        account: Account | None
         response: httpx.Response
 
         response = self.__client.post(update_uri,
@@ -499,11 +512,12 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(client)
         detail_uri: str = f"{PREFIX}/{CASH.code}"
         update_uri: str = f"{PREFIX}/{CASH.code}/update"
-        account: Account
+        account: Account | None
         response: httpx.Response
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
             account = Account.find_by_code(CASH.code)
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account)
             self.assertEqual(account.created_by.username, editor_username)
             self.assertEqual(account.updated_by.username, editor_username)
 
@@ -529,11 +543,12 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         from accounting.models import Account
         detail_uri: str = f"{PREFIX}/{CASH.code}"
         update_uri: str = f"{PREFIX}/{CASH.code}/update"
-        account: Account
+        account: Account | None
         response: httpx.Response
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
             account = Account.find_by_code(CASH.code)
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account)
             self.assertEqual(account.title_l10n, CASH.title)
             self.assertEqual(account.l10n, [])
 
@@ -548,6 +563,7 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
             account = Account.find_by_code(CASH.code)
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account)
             self.assertEqual(account.title_l10n, CASH.title)
             self.assertEqual({(x.locale, x.title) for x in account.l10n},
                              {("zh_Hant", f"{CASH.title}-zh_Hant")})
@@ -569,8 +585,8 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         set_locale(self.__app, self.__client, self.__csrf_token, "zh_Hant")
 
-        response = self.__client.post(update_uri,
+        response = self.__client.post(
-                                      data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
+            update_uri, data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
                               "base_code": CASH.base_code,
                               "title": f"{CASH.title}-zh_Hant-2"})
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
@@ -609,7 +625,9 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                                 "currency-1-credit-1-amount": "20"})
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Account.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique()},
                 {CASH.code, PETTY.code, BANK.code})
 
         # Cannot delete the cash account
@@ -633,7 +651,9 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"], list_uri)
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Account.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique()},
                 {CASH.code, BANK.code})
 
         response = self.__client.get(detail_uri)
@@ -651,8 +671,8 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         response: httpx.Response
 
         for i in range(2, 6):
-            response = self.__client.post(f"{PREFIX}/store",
+            response = self.__client.post(
-                                          data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
+                f"{PREFIX}/store", data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
                                          "base_code": "1111",
                                          "title": "Title"})
             self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
@@ -660,15 +680,20 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                              f"{PREFIX}/1111-00{i}")
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            account_1: Account = Account.find_by_code("1111-001")
+            account_1: Account | None = Account.find_by_code("1111-001")
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account_1)
             id_1: int = account_1.id
-            account_2: Account = Account.find_by_code("1111-002")
+            account_2: Account | None = Account.find_by_code("1111-002")
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account_2)
             id_2: int = account_2.id
-            account_3: Account = Account.find_by_code("1111-003")
+            account_3: Account | None = Account.find_by_code("1111-003")
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account_3)
             id_3: int = account_3.id
-            account_4: Account = Account.find_by_code("1111-004")
+            account_4: Account | None = Account.find_by_code("1111-004")
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account_4)
             id_4: int = account_4.id
-            account_5: Account = Account.find_by_code("1111-005")
+            account_5: Account | None = Account.find_by_code("1111-005")
+            self.assertIsNotNone(account_5)
             id_5: int = account_5.id
             account_1.no = 3
             account_2.no = 5
@@ -702,8 +727,8 @@ class AccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         response: httpx.Response
 
         for i in range(2, 6):
-            response = self.__client.post(f"{PREFIX}/store",
+            response = self.__client.post(
-                                          data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
+                f"{PREFIX}/store", data={"csrf_token": self.__csrf_token,
                                          "base_code": "1111",
                                          "title": "Title"})
             self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)

tests/test_base_account.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/26
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import unittest
 import httpx
 from flask import Flask
 
+from test_site import db
 from testlib import create_test_app, get_client
 
 LIST_URI: str = "/accounting/base-accounts"
@@ -42,6 +43,15 @@ class BaseAccountTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__app: Flask = create_test_app()
         """The Flask application."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 

tests/test_commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/10
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ from flask import Flask
 from flask.testing import FlaskCliRunner
 from sqlalchemy.sql.ddl import DropTable
 
-from test_site import db
+from test_site import db, Base
 from testlib import create_test_app
 
 
@@ -45,6 +45,15 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__app: Flask = create_test_app()
         """The Flask application."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_init_db(self) -> None:
         """Tests the "accounting-init-db" console command.
 
@@ -54,7 +63,7 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             # Drop every accounting table, to see if accounting-init-db
             # recreates them correctly.
             tables: list[sa.Table] \
-                = [db.metadata.tables[x] for x in db.metadata.tables
+                = [Base.metadata.tables[x] for x in Base.metadata.tables
                    if x.startswith("accounting_")]
             for table in tables:
                 db.session.execute(DropTable(table))
@@ -84,7 +93,7 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         with open(data_dir / "base_accounts.csv") as fp:
             rows: list[dict[str, str]] = list(csv.DictReader(fp))
-        data: dict[dict[str, Any]] \
+        data: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] \
             = {x["code"]: {"code": x["code"],
                            "title": x["title"],
                            "l10n": {y[5:]: x[y]
@@ -92,7 +101,8 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                for x in rows}
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            accounts: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query.all()
+            accounts: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
+                sa.select(BaseAccount)).unique().all()
 
         self.assertEqual(len(accounts), len(data))
         for account in accounts:
@@ -132,10 +142,14 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         from accounting.models import BaseAccount, Account, AccountL10n
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            bases: list[BaseAccount] = BaseAccount.query\
+            bases: list[BaseAccount] = db.session.scalars(
-                .filter(sa.func.char_length(BaseAccount.code) == 4).all()
+                sa.select(BaseAccount)
-            accounts: list[Account] = Account.query.all()
+                .where(sa.func.char_length(BaseAccount.code) == 4))\
-            l10n: list[AccountL10n] = AccountL10n.query.all()
+                .unique().all()
+            accounts: list[Account] = db.session.scalars(
+                sa.select(Account)).unique().all()
+            l10n: list[AccountL10n] = db.session.scalars(
+                sa.select(AccountL10n)).all()
 
         self.assertEqual({x.code for x in bases},
                          {x.base_code for x in accounts})
@@ -158,7 +172,7 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         from accounting.models import Currency
 
         with open(data_dir / "currencies.csv") as fp:
-            data: dict[dict[str, Any]] \
+            data: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] \
                 = {x["code"]: {"code": x["code"],
                                "name": x["name"],
                                "l10n": {y[5:]: x[y]
@@ -166,7 +180,8 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                    for x in csv.DictReader(fp)}
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            currencies: list[Currency] = Currency.query.all()
+            currencies: list[Currency] = db.session.scalars(
+                sa.select(Currency)).unique().all()
 
         self.assertEqual(len(currencies), len(data))
         for currency in currencies:
@@ -192,7 +207,7 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         with self.__app.app_context():
             # Resets the accounts.
             tables: list[sa.Table] \
-                = [db.metadata.tables[x] for x in db.metadata.tables
+                = [Base.metadata.tables[x] for x in Base.metadata.tables
                    if x.startswith("accounting_")]
             for table in tables:
                 db.session.execute(DropTable(table))
@@ -207,9 +222,9 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                              result.output + str(result.exception))
 
             # Turns the titles into lowercase.
-            for base in BaseAccount.query:
+            for base in db.session.scalars(sa.select(BaseAccount)).unique():
                 base.title_l10n = base.title_l10n.lower()
-            for account in Account.query:
+            for account in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique():
                 account.title_l10n = account.title_l10n.lower()
                 account.created_at \
                     = account.created_at - dt.timedelta(seconds=5)
@@ -221,7 +236,7 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             new_account: Account = Account(
                 id=new_id(Account),
                 base_code="1112",
-                no="2",
+                no=2,
                 title_l10n=custom_title,
                 is_need_offset=False,
                 created_by_id=creator_pk,
@@ -233,9 +248,9 @@ class ConsoleCommandTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                 args=["accounting-titleize", "-u", "editor"])
             self.assertEqual(result.exit_code, 0,
                              result.output + str(result.exception))
-            for base in BaseAccount.query:
+            for base in db.session.scalars(sa.select(BaseAccount)).unique():
                 self.__test_title_case(base.title_l10n)
-            for account in Account.query:
+            for account in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Account)).unique():
                 if account.id != new_account.id:
                     self.__test_title_case(account.title_l10n)
                     self.assertNotEqual(account.created_at, account.updated_at)

tests/test_currency.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/1
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import datetime as dt
 import unittest
 
 import httpx
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Flask
 
 from accounting.utils.next_uri import encode_next
@@ -65,15 +66,9 @@ class CurrencyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         :return: None.
         """
-        self.__app: Flask = create_test_app()
+        self.__app: Flask = create_test_app(is_skip_currencies=True)
         """The Flask application."""
 
-        with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import Currency, CurrencyL10n
-            CurrencyL10n.query.delete()
-            Currency.query.delete()
-            db.session.commit()
-
         self.__client: httpx.Client = get_client(self.__app, "editor")
         """The user client."""
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
@@ -94,6 +89,15 @@ class CurrencyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"], f"{PREFIX}/{EUR.code}")
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 
@@ -218,7 +222,9 @@ class CurrencyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         response: httpx.Response
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Currency.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Currency)).unique()},
                 {USD.code, EUR.code})
 
         # Missing CSRF token
@@ -284,7 +290,9 @@ class CurrencyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"], create_uri)
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Currency.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Currency)).unique()},
                 {USD.code, EUR.code, TWD.code})
 
             currency: Currency = db.session.get(Currency, TWD.code)
@@ -551,7 +559,9 @@ class CurrencyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                                 "currency-1-credit-1-amount": "20"})
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Currency.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Currency)).unique()},
                 {USD.code, EUR.code, JPY.code})
 
         # Cannot delete the default currency
@@ -575,7 +585,9 @@ class CurrencyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.headers["Location"], list_uri)
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            self.assertEqual({x.code for x in Currency.query.all()},
+            self.assertEqual(
+                {x.code
+                 for x in db.session.scalars(sa.select(Currency)).unique()},
                 {USD.code, EUR.code})
 
         response = self.__client.get(detail_uri)

tests/test_description_editor.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/28
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import httpx
 from flask import Flask
 
 from accounting.utils.next_uri import encode_next
+from test_site import db
 from testlib import NEXT_URI, Accounts, create_test_app, get_client, \
     get_csrf_token, add_journal_entry
 
@@ -41,9 +42,6 @@ class DescriptionEditorTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -52,6 +50,15 @@ class DescriptionEditorTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_description_editor(self) -> None:
         """Test the description editor.
 

tests/test_journal_entry.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/2/24
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -52,9 +52,6 @@ class CashReceiptJournalEntryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -63,6 +60,15 @@ class CashReceiptJournalEntryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 
@@ -677,9 +683,6 @@ class CashDisbursementJournalEntryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -688,6 +691,15 @@ class CashDisbursementJournalEntryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 
@@ -1277,10 +1289,6 @@ class TransferJournalEntryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, \
-                JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -1289,6 +1297,15 @@ class TransferJournalEntryTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 
@@ -2158,9 +2175,6 @@ class JournalEntryReorderTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -2169,6 +2183,15 @@ class JournalEntryReorderTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_change_date(self) -> None:
         """Tests to change the date of a journal entry.
 

tests/test_offset.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/11
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -49,9 +49,6 @@ class OffsetTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -63,6 +60,15 @@ class OffsetTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The offset test data."""
         self.__data.populate()
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_add_receivable_offset(self) -> None:
         """Tests to add the receivable offset.
 

tests/test_option.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/3/22
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -45,8 +45,6 @@ class OptionTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """The Flask application."""
 
         with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import Option
-            Option.query.delete()
             self.__encoded_next_uri: str = encode_next(NEXT_URI)
             """The encoded next URI."""
 
@@ -55,6 +53,15 @@ class OptionTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 

tests/test_report.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Project.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/9
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import unittest
 import httpx
 from flask import Flask
 
+from test_site import db
 from test_site.lib import BaseTestData
 from testlib import create_test_app, get_client, get_csrf_token, Accounts
 
@@ -44,16 +45,20 @@ class ReportTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.__app: Flask = create_test_app()
         """The Flask application."""
 
-        with self.__app.app_context():
-            from accounting.models import JournalEntry, JournalEntryLineItem
-            JournalEntry.query.delete()
-            JournalEntryLineItem.query.delete()
-
         self.__client: httpx.Client = get_client(self.__app, "editor")
         """The user client."""
         self.__csrf_token: str = get_csrf_token(self.__client)
         """The CSRF token."""
 
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the test.
+        This is run once per test.
+
+        :return: None.
+        """
+        with self.__app.app_context():
+            db.engine.dispose()
+
     def test_nobody(self) -> None:
         """Test the permission as nobody.
 

tests/test_site/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Demonstration Website.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/27
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,16 +19,16 @@
 """
 import os
 from secrets import token_urlsafe
-from typing import Type
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from click.testing import Result
 from flask import Flask, Blueprint, render_template, redirect, Response, \
     url_for
 from flask.testing import FlaskCliRunner
 from flask_babel_js import BabelJS
-from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
+from flask_sqlalchemy_lite import SQLAlchemy
 from flask_wtf import CSRFProtect
-from sqlalchemy import Column
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("home", __name__)
 """The global blueprint."""
@@ -40,21 +40,31 @@ db: SQLAlchemy = SQLAlchemy()
 """The database instance."""
 
 
-def create_app(is_testing: bool = False) -> Flask:
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    """The base class for all models."""
+
+
+def create_app(is_testing: bool = False, is_skip_accounts: bool = False,
+               is_skip_currencies: bool = False) -> Flask:
     """Create and configure the application.
 
     :param is_testing: True if we are running for testing, or False otherwise.
+    :param is_skip_accounts: True to skip account initialization, or False
+        otherwise.
+    :param is_skip_currencies: True to skip currency initialization, or False
+        otherwise.
     :return: The application.
     """
     import accounting
 
     app: Flask = Flask(__name__)
-    db_uri: str = "sqlite://" if is_testing else "sqlite:///local.sqlite"
+    db_uri: str = "sqlite://" if is_testing \
+        else "sqlite:///" + os.path.join(app.instance_path, "local.sqlite")
     app.config.from_mapping({
         "SECRET_KEY": os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY", token_urlsafe(32)),
         "SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE": "Lax",
         "SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE": True,
-        "SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI": db_uri,
+        "SQLALCHEMY_ENGINES": {"default": db_uri},
         "BABEL_DEFAULT_LOCALE": "en",
         "ALL_LINGUAS": "zh_Hant|正體中文,en|English,zh_Hans|简体中文",
     })
@@ -96,11 +106,15 @@ def create_app(is_testing: bool = False) -> Flask:
             return redirect(append_next(url_for("auth.login-form")))
 
         @property
-        def cls(self) -> Type[auth.User]:
+        def base(self) -> type[DeclarativeBase]:
+            return Base
+
+        @property
+        def cls(self) -> type[auth.User]:
             return auth.User
 
         @property
-        def pk_column(self) -> Column:
+        def pk_column(self) -> sa.Column:
             return auth.User.id
 
         @property
@@ -108,8 +122,8 @@ def create_app(is_testing: bool = False) -> Flask:
             return auth.current_user()
 
         def get_by_username(self, username: str) -> auth.User | None:
-            return auth.User.query\
+            return db.session.scalar(
-                .filter(auth.User.username == username).first()
+                sa.select(auth.User).where(auth.User.username == username))
 
         def get_pk(self, user: auth.User) -> int:
             return user.id
@@ -117,25 +131,37 @@ def create_app(is_testing: bool = False) -> Flask:
     accounting.init_app(app, user_utils=UserUtilities())
 
     with app.app_context():
-        init_db(app)
+        init_db(app, is_skip_accounts, is_skip_currencies)
 
     return app
 
 
-def init_db(app: Flask) -> None:
+def init_db(app: Flask, is_skip_accounts: bool,
+            is_skip_currencies: bool) -> None:
     """Initializes the database.
 
     :param app: The Flask application.
+    :param is_skip_accounts: True to skip account initialization, or False
+        otherwise.
+    :param is_skip_currencies: True to skip currency initialization, or False
+        otherwise.
     :return: None.
     """
-    db.create_all()
+    Base.metadata.create_all(db.engine)
     from .auth import User
     for username in ["viewer", "editor", "admin", "nobody"]:
-        if User.query.filter(User.username == username).first() is None:
+        user: User | None = db.session.scalar(
+            sa.select(User).where(User.username == username))
+        if user is None:
             db.session.add(User(username=username))
     db.session.commit()
     runner: FlaskCliRunner = app.test_cli_runner()
-    result: Result = runner.invoke(args=["accounting-init-db", "-u", "editor"])
+    args: list[str] = ["accounting-init-db", "-u", "editor"]
+    if is_skip_accounts:
+        args += ["--skip-accounts"]
+    if is_skip_currencies:
+        args += ["--skip-currencies"]
+    result: Result = runner.invoke(args=args)
     assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output + str(result.exception)
 
 

tests/test_site/auth.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Demonstration Website.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/1/27
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,17 +19,18 @@
 """
 from collections.abc import Callable
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
 from flask import Blueprint, render_template, Flask, redirect, url_for, \
     session, request, g, Response, abort
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
 
-from . import db
+from . import db, Base
 
 bp: Blueprint = Blueprint("auth", __name__, url_prefix="/")
 """The authentication blueprint."""
 
 
-class User(db.Model):
+class User(Base):
     """A user."""
     __tablename__ = "users"
     """The table name."""
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ def show_login_form() -> str | Response:
 
 
 @bp.post("login", endpoint="login")
-def login() -> redirect:
+def login() -> Response:
     """Logs in the user.
 
     :return: The redirection to the home page.
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ def login() -> redirect:
 
 
 @bp.post("logout", endpoint="logout")
-def logout() -> redirect:
+def logout() -> Response:
     """Logs out the user.
 
     :return: The redirection to the home page.
@@ -91,8 +92,8 @@ def current_user() -> User | None:
         if "user" not in session:
             g.user = None
         else:
-            g.user = User.query.filter(
+            g.user = db.session.scalar(
-                User.username == session["user"]).first()
+                sa.select(User).where(User.username == session["user"]))
     return g.user
 
 

tests/test_site/lib.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The Mia! Accounting Demonstration Website.
 # Author: imacat@mail.imacat.idv.tw (imacat), 2023/4/13
 
-#  Copyright (c) 2023-2024 imacat.
+#  Copyright (c) 2023-2026 imacat.
 #
 #  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 #  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ class BaseTestData(ABC):
         self._app: Flask = app
         """The Flask application."""
         with self._app.app_context():
-            current_user: User | None = User.query\
+            current_user: User | None = db.session.scalar(
-                .filter(User.username == username).first()
+                sa.select(User).where(User.username == username))
             assert current_user is not None
             self.__current_user_id: int = current_user.id
             """The current user ID."""
@@ -272,7 +272,8 @@ class BaseTestData(ABC):
         existing_j_id: set[int] = {x["id"] for x in self.__journal_entries}
         existing_l_id: set[int] = {x["id"] for x in self.__line_items}
         journal_entry_data.id = self.__new_id(existing_j_id)
-        date: dt.date = get_today() - dt.timedelta(days=journal_entry_data.days)
+        date: dt.date = get_today() - \
+            dt.timedelta(days=journal_entry_data.days)
         self.__journal_entries.append(
             {"id": journal_entry_data.id,
              "date": date,